Mwakapeje Elibariki R, Høgset Sol, Softic Adis, Mghamba Janneth, Nonga Hezron E, Mdegela Robinson H, Skjerve Eystein
Epidemiology and Diseases Control Section, Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children, PO Box 9083, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, PO Box 3021, Chuo Kikuu Morogoro, Tanzania.
R Soc Open Sci. 2018 Sep 5;5(9):180479. doi: 10.1098/rsos.180479. eCollection 2018 Sep.
is an aerobic, Gram-positive and spore-forming bacterium, which causes anthrax in herbivores. Humans get infected after coming into contact with infected animals' products. An unmatched case-control study was conducted to identify the importance of demographic, biological and/or behavioural factors associated with human cutaneous anthrax outbreaks in the hotspot areas of Northern Tanzania. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to both cases and controls. The age range of participants was 1-80 years with a median age of 32 years. In the younger group (1-20 years), the odds of being infected were 25 times higher in the exposed group compared to the unexposed group (OR= 25, 95% CI = 1.5-410). By contrast, the odds of exposure in the old group (≥20 years) were three times lower in the exposed group compared to the unexposed group (OR = 3.2, 95% CI = 1.28-8.00). Demographic characteristics, sleeping on animal's skins, contacting with infected carcasses through skinning and butchering, and not having formal education were linked to exposure for anthrax infection. Hence, a One Health approach is inevitable for the prevention and control of anthrax outbreaks in the hotspot areas of Northern Tanzania.
是一种需氧、革兰氏阳性且形成芽孢的细菌，可导致食草动物患炭疽病。人类在接触受感染动物的产品后会被感染。开展了一项非匹配病例对照研究，以确定坦桑尼亚北部热点地区与人类皮肤炭疽病暴发相关的人口统计学、生物学和/或行为因素的重要性。对病例和对照均进行了半结构化问卷调查。参与者的年龄范围为1至80岁，中位年龄为32岁。在较年轻组（1至20岁）中，暴露组的感染几率比未暴露组高25倍（比值比=25，95%置信区间=1.5至410）。相比之下，在老年组（≥20岁）中，暴露组的暴露几率比未暴露组低三倍（比值比=3.2，95%置信区间=1.28至8.00）。人口统计学特征、睡在动物皮上、通过剥皮和屠宰接触受感染尸体以及未接受正规教育与炭疽感染暴露有关。因此，采取“同一健康”方法对于预防和控制坦桑尼亚北部热点地区的炭疽病暴发是必不可少的。
