School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
School of Pharmaceutical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
Chem Asian J. 2019 Jul 15;14(14):2325-2335. doi: 10.1002/asia.201900129. Epub 2019 Apr 3.
There are many efficient biological motors in Nature that perform complex functions by converting chemical energy into mechanical motion. Inspired by this, the development of their synthetic counterparts has aroused tremendous research interest in the past decade. Among these man-made motor systems, the fuel-free (or light, magnet, ultrasound, or electric field driven) motors are advantageous in terms of controllability, lifespan, and biocompatibility concerning bioapplications, when compared with their chemically powered counterparts. Therefore, this review will highlight the latest biomedical applications in the versatile field of externally propelled micro-/nanomotors, as well as elucidating their driving mechanisms. A perspective into the future of the micro-/nanomotors field and a discussion of the challenges we need to face along the road towards practical clinical translation of external-field-propelled micro-/nanomotors will be provided.
自然界中有许多高效的生物马达，它们通过将化学能转化为机械能来执行复杂的功能。受此启发，过去十年中，对它们的合成对应物的开发引起了极大的研究兴趣。在这些人造的马达系统中，与化学动力马达相比，无燃料（或光、磁、超声或电场驱动）马达在生物应用方面具有更好的可控性、寿命和生物相容性。因此，本综述将重点介绍多功能外部推进微/纳米马达领域的最新生物医学应用，并阐明其驱动机制。本文还对微/纳米马达领域的未来进行了展望，并讨论了我们在将外部场驱动的微/纳米马达实际应用于临床过程中需要面对的挑战。
