Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India.
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology Campus, New Delhi, India.
PLoS One. 2019 Mar 7;14(3):e0213255. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213255. eCollection 2019.
Adolescence is the most critical phase of human growth that radically alters physiology of the body and wherein any inconsistency can lead to serious health consequences in adulthood. The timing and pace at which various developmental events occur during adolescence is highly diverse and thus results in a drastic change in blood biochemistry. Monitoring the physiological levels of various biochemical measures in ample number of individuals during adolescence can call up for an early intervention in managing metabolic diseases in adulthood. Today, only a couple of studies in different populations have investigated blood biochemistry in a small number of adolescents however, there is no comprehensive biochemical data available worldwide. In view, we performed a cross-sectional study in a sizeable group of 7,618 Indian adolescents (3,333 boys and 4,285 girls) aged between 11-17 years to inspect the distribution of values of common biochemical parameters that generally prevails during adolescence and we observed that various parameters considerably follow the reported values from different populations being 3.56-6.49mmol/L (fasting glucose), 10.60-199.48pmol/L (insulin), 0.21-3.22nmol/L (C-peptide), 3.85-6.25% (HbA1c), 2.49-5.54mmol/L (total cholesterol), 1.16-3.69mmol/L (LDL), 0.78-1.85mmol/L (HDL), 0.33-2.24mmol/L (triglycerides), 3.56-11.45mmol/L (urea), 130.01-440.15μmol/L (uric acid) and 22.99-74.28μmol/L (creatinine). Barring LDL and triglycerides, all parameters differed significantly between boys and girls (p< 0.001). Highest difference was seen for uric acid (p = 1.3 x10-187) followed by C-peptide (p = 6.6 x10-89). Across all ages during adolescence, glycemic and nitrogen metabolites parameters varied markedly with gender. Amongst lipid parameters, only HDL levels were found to be significantly associated with gender following puberty (p< 0.001). All parameters except urea, differed considerably in obese and lean adolescents (p< 0.0001). The present study asserts that age, sex and BMI are the essential contributors to variability in blood biochemistry during adolescence. Our composite data on common blood biochemical measures will benefit future endeavors to define reference intervals in adolescents especially when the global availability is scarce.
青春期是人类生长过程中最关键的阶段，它会彻底改变身体的生理学，任何不一致都可能导致成年后的严重健康后果。青春期期间各种发育事件发生的时间和速度差异很大，因此会导致血液生物化学发生剧烈变化。在青春期期间，对大量个体的各种生化指标进行生理水平监测，可以及早干预成年期的代谢疾病。如今，只有少数几项不同人群的研究调查了少数青少年的血液生物化学，但全世界都没有全面的生化数据。有鉴于此，我们对 7618 名年龄在 11-17 岁之间的印度青少年（3333 名男孩和 4285 名女孩）进行了横断面研究，以检查普遍存在于青春期的常见生化参数值的分布情况，我们观察到，各种参数值与不同人群的报告值相差很大，范围在 3.56-6.49mmol/L（空腹血糖）、10.60-199.48pmol/L（胰岛素）、0.21-3.22nmol/L（C 肽）、3.85-6.25%（HbA1c）、2.49-5.54mmol/L（总胆固醇）、1.16-3.69mmol/L（LDL）、0.78-1.85mmol/L（HDL）、0.33-2.24mmol/L（甘油三酯）、3.56-11.45mmol/L（尿素）、130.01-440.15μmol/L（尿酸）和 22.99-74.28μmol/L（肌酐）。除了 LDL 和甘油三酯外，所有参数在男孩和女孩之间均有显著差异（p<0.001）。尿酸的差异最大（p = 1.3 x10-187），其次是 C 肽（p = 6.6 x10-89）。在青春期的所有年龄段，血糖和氮代谢物参数都随性别而显著变化。在脂质参数中，只有 HDL 水平在青春期后与性别显著相关（p<0.001）。除了尿素外，所有参数在肥胖和瘦弱青少年中差异都很大（p<0.0001）。本研究表明，年龄、性别和 BMI 是青春期血液生化变化的主要影响因素。我们关于常见血液生化指标的综合数据将有助于未来定义青少年的参考区间，特别是在全球供应不足的情况下。
