评估冷酷无情特质：在大量和多样化的青春期前青少年样本中开发简短、可靠的测量工具。
Assessing callous-unemotional traits: development of a brief, reliable measure in a large and diverse sample of preadolescent youth.
机构信息
Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
出版信息
Psychol Med. 2020 Feb;50(3):456-464. doi: 10.1017/S0033291719000278. Epub 2019 Mar 8.
BACKGROUND
Callous-unemotional (CU) traits are critical to developmental, diagnostic, and clinical models of antisocial behaviors (AB). However, assessments of CU traits within large-scale longitudinal and neurobiologically focused investigations remain remarkably sparse. We sought to develop a brief measure of CU traits using items from widely administered instruments that could be linked to neuroimaging, genetic, and environmental data within already existing datasets and future studies.
METHODS
Data came from a large and diverse sample (n = 4525) of youth (ages~9-11) taking part in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Moderated nonlinear factor analysis was used to assess measurement invariance across sex, race, and age. We explored whether CU traits were distinct from other indicators of AB, investigated unique links with theoretically-relevant outcomes, and replicated findings in an independent sample.
RESULTS
The brief CU traits measure demonstrated strong psychometric properties and evidence of measurement invariance across sex, race, and age. On average, boys endorsed higher levels of CU traits than girls and CU traits were related to, yet distinguishable from other indicators of AB. The CU traits construct also exhibited expected associations with theoretically important outcomes. Study findings were also replicated across an independent sample of youth.
CONCLUSIONS
In a large, multi-site study, a brief measure of CU traits can be measured distinctly from other dimensions of AB. This measure provides the scientific community with a method to assess CU traits in the ABCD sample, as well as in other studies that may benefit from a brief assessment of CU.
背景
冷酷无情（CU）特征对于反社会行为（AB）的发展、诊断和临床模型至关重要。然而，在大规模纵向和神经生物学重点研究中，对 CU 特征的评估仍然非常稀少。我们试图使用广泛使用的工具中的项目来开发一种简短的 CU 特征量表，该量表可以与现有的数据集和未来的研究中的神经影像学、遗传学和环境数据联系起来。
方法
数据来自参加青少年大脑与认知发展（ABCD）研究的大量多样化的青年（年龄约为 9-11 岁）样本（n=4525）。采用适度的非线性因子分析来评估性别、种族和年龄的测量不变性。我们探讨了 CU 特征是否与 AB 的其他指标不同，调查了与理论相关结果的独特联系，并在独立样本中复制了发现。
结果
简短的 CU 特征量表具有很强的心理测量特性，并且在性别、种族和年龄方面具有测量不变性的证据。平均而言，男孩比女孩表现出更高的 CU 特征水平，而且 CU 特征与 AB 的其他指标相关，但又有所区别。CU 特征结构还表现出与理论上重要结果的预期关联。研究结果在另一个青年独立样本中也得到了复制。
结论
在一项大型的多地点研究中，一种简短的 CU 特征量表可以与 AB 的其他维度明显区分开来。该量表为科学界提供了一种在 ABCD 样本中评估 CU 特征的方法，以及在可能受益于 CU 简短评估的其他研究中。
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