Department of Mental Health, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Department of Health Sciences, Florence University School of Medicine, Florence, Italy.
Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2019 May;27(3):274-282. doi: 10.1002/erv.2669. Epub 2019 Mar 7.
Two hundred forty six patients with eating disorders (EDs) recruited from eight Italian specialized treatment centres were administered with the World Health Organization "Encounter Form," a standardized schedule that makes it possible to characterize the clinical pathways that patients follow to reach specialized care. The median time from symptoms onset to specialized care was 114 weeks. Primary "points of access to care" were general practitioners (25%), psychiatrists (18%), and clinical nutritionists (17%), followed by various other carers. All patients received specific psychotherapy, whereas only 11% of them were given psychotropic drugs. EDs are characterized by complex care pathways, with low rates of direct access to specialized care. Although the role of general practitioners remains crucial, they tend to follow different clinical routes to refer ED patients. Educational programmes on EDs should be addressed to general practitioners and clinical nutritionists, in order to ease the transition of ED patients to a mental health care setting.
246 名饮食障碍（ED）患者从意大利 8 个专门治疗中心招募而来，他们接受了世界卫生组织的“邂逅形式”评估，这是一种标准化的评估表，使我们能够描述患者进入专门治疗的临床路径。从症状出现到专门治疗的中位数时间为 114 周。主要的“治疗切入点”是全科医生（25%）、精神科医生（18%）和临床营养师（17%），其次是其他各种护理人员。所有患者都接受了特定的心理治疗，而只有 11%的患者接受了精神药物治疗。ED 的特点是治疗路径复杂，直接进入专门治疗的比例较低。尽管全科医生的作用仍然至关重要，但他们往往会选择不同的临床途径来转介 ED 患者。应该向全科医生和临床营养师开展关于 ED 的教育项目，以促进 ED 患者向精神卫生保健机构的过渡。
