Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.
Eur Psychiatry. 2023 Apr 24;66(1):e36. doi: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.23.
The aim of this study was to assess barriers and facilitators in the pathways toward specialist care for eating disorders (EDs).
Eleven ED services located in seven European countries recruited patients with an ED. Clinicians administered an adapted version of the World Health Organization "Encounter Form," a standardized tool to assess the pathways to care. The unadjusted overall time needed to access the ED unit was described using the Kaplan-Meier curve.
Four-hundred-nine patients were recruited. The median time between the onset of the current ED episode and the access to a specialized ED care was 2 years. Most of the participants did not directly access the specialist ED unit: primary "points of access" to care were mental health professionals and general practitioners. The involvement of different health professionals in the pathway, seeking help for general psychiatric symptoms, and lack of support from family members were associated with delayed access to ED units.
Educational programs aiming to promote early diagnosis and treatment for EDs should pay particular attention to general practitioners, in addition to mental health professionals, and family members to increase awareness of these illnesses and of their treatment initiation process.
本研究旨在评估通向饮食障碍（ED）专科治疗的途径中的障碍和促进因素。
位于七个欧洲国家的 11 个 ED 服务机构招募了患有 ED 的患者。临床医生使用世界卫生组织“遭遇表”的改编版本，即评估治疗途径的标准化工具，对患者进行评估。采用 Kaplan-Meier 曲线描述未调整的进入 ED 单元所需的总时间。
共招募了 409 名患者。从当前 ED 发作到接受专门 ED 治疗的时间中位数为 2 年。大多数参与者并没有直接进入专科 ED 单位：主要的“就诊途径”是心理健康专业人员和全科医生。不同卫生专业人员参与途径、寻求一般精神科症状的帮助以及缺乏家庭成员的支持与延迟进入 ED 单位有关。
旨在促进 ED 早期诊断和治疗的教育计划除了关注心理健康专业人员外，还应特别关注全科医生和家庭成员，以提高对这些疾病及其治疗启动过程的认识。
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