Sherman College of Chiropractic Spartanburg, SC, USA.
J Natl Med Assoc. 2019 Aug;111(4):436-446. doi: 10.1016/j.jnma.2019.02.002. Epub 2019 Mar 7.
This review provides a fresh perspective on the work of J. Marion Sims, an Antebellum era physician who invented the vaginally speculum that bears his name. His accent to become the "Father of Modern Gynecology" was his groundbreaking development of the surgical techniques for the repair for vesicovaginal fistula. Recent scholarship, however, has pointed to the dark side of Sims in that his techniques were perfected through his use of Black slave women as his research subjects. In addition, he has been criticized for his failure to use anesthesia during his research operations. This article argues that Sims's work needs to be understood in a broader historical context and within the broader framework of other forms of human experimentation that took place in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. There is a strong argument that recent attempts to remove Sims from history also have the unintended consequence of removing the contributions of not only the Black slave women who were his subjects in the development of modern obstetrical medicine, but the important role Blacks played in the development of other medical procedures.
这篇综述为我们提供了看待 19 世纪美国医生 J. 马里恩·西姆斯（J. Marion Sims）工作的新视角。西姆斯发明了阴道窥器并因此而得名，他是现代妇科医学的奠基人。他之所以能够获得这一称号，是因为他开创性地发展了治疗膀胱阴道瘘的手术技术。然而，最近的学术研究揭示了西姆斯的阴暗面，他的技术是通过使用黑人奴隶女性作为研究对象而完善的。此外，他还因在研究手术中未使用麻醉而受到批评。本文认为，需要在更广泛的历史背景下，以及在 19 世纪和 20 世纪发生的其他形式的人体实验的更广泛框架内，理解西姆斯的工作。有人强烈认为，最近试图将西姆斯从历史中抹去的行为，不仅抹去了他的研究对象——黑人奴隶女性在现代产科医学发展中的贡献，而且也抹去了黑人在其他医学程序发展中所扮演的重要角色。
