Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Marie Curie Annex Building, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
Meat Sci. 2019 Jun;152:146-154. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.02.018. Epub 2019 Mar 7.
Iberian cured ham from purebred pigs fattened on grazing acorns is a highly appreciated product. There are several analytical methods to avoid its labelling fraud; however, these require opening the ham. The aim of this work is testing a non-destructive sampling method which does not spoil the physical integrity of the ham. It consists of a puncture with a needle imitating a traditional olfactory system. After removing the needle impregnated with fat, its volatiles are analyzed with a Gas Chromatography (GC) coupled to Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS). The potential of this methodology was studied analyzing 156 Iberian hams from pigs under two different feeding regimes (acorns versus feed) and from different breed (Iberian versus Duroc crossed). Intensity of GC-IMS plot features was extracted and chemometric differentiation models were obtained; one for feeding regime and another for breed, providing validated classification rates of 91.7% and 100%, respectively. In addition, 29 features used for construction of both models were tentatively identified using chemical standards. The suitability of the method for quality control analysis was characterized by means of a precision study. As a conclusion, GC-IMS becomes a useful tool to guarantee dry-cured Iberian ham authenticity and detect labelling fraud.
伊比利亚猪用橡实饲养育肥的火腿是一种备受推崇的产品。有几种分析方法可以避免其标签欺诈；然而，这些方法需要打开火腿。本工作的目的是测试一种不会破坏火腿物理完整性的非破坏性采样方法。它由一个模仿传统嗅觉系统的针穿刺组成。在去除浸渍有脂肪的针后，用气相色谱（GC）与离子迁移谱（IMS）联用分析其挥发性物质。通过分析两种不同饲养方式（橡实与饲料）和不同品种（伊比利亚与杜洛克杂交）的 156 个伊比利亚火腿，研究了这种方法的潜力。提取了 GC-IMS 图谱特征的强度，并获得了用于饲养方式和品种的化学计量学区分模型，分别提供了 91.7%和 100%的验证分类率。此外，使用化学标准对用于构建两种模型的 29 种特征进行了初步鉴定。通过精密度研究对该方法进行了质量控制分析的适用性评价。总之，GC-IMS 成为一种有用的工具，可以保证干腌伊比利亚火腿的真实性，并检测标签欺诈。
