Liotti Federica, Prevete Nella, Vecchio Giancarlo, Melillo Rosa Marina
Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy, Italy.
Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università ¨Federico II¨ di Napoli, Naples, Italy, Italy.
F1000Res. 2019 Feb 28;8. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.16677.1. eCollection 2019.
Tumors modulate the host immune cells within their microenvironment to avoid recognition and elimination by our immune system, a phenotype called cancer immune escape. Different mechanisms responsible for cancer immune escape that result either in decreased tumor immunogenicity or in increased tumor immunosuppressive activity have been identified. Recently, various immunotherapeutic approaches have been developed with the aim to revert tumor immune escape. The aims of this review are to explore the immunological aspects of thyroid cancer and to assess whether these features can be exploited in the prognosis and treatment of advanced forms of this disease. Therefore, we will describe the immune landscape and phenotypes of thyroid cancer, summarize studies investigating the expression of immunomodulatory molecules, and finally describe the preclinical and clinical trials investigating the utility of immunotherapies in the management of thyroid cancer. The aim of this review is to explore the immunological aspects of thyroid cancer and to assess whether these features can be exploited in the prognosis and treatment of advanced forms of this disease. Therefore, we will describe the immune-landscape and phenotypes of thyroid cancer, we will summarize studies investigating the expression of immunomodulatory molecules, and we will finally describe the preclinical and clinical trials investigating the utility of immunotherapies in the management of thyroid cancer.
肿瘤会调节其微环境中的宿主免疫细胞，以避免被我们的免疫系统识别和清除，这种表型称为癌症免疫逃逸。已确定了导致癌症免疫逃逸的不同机制，这些机制要么导致肿瘤免疫原性降低，要么导致肿瘤免疫抑制活性增加。最近，已开发出各种免疫治疗方法，旨在逆转肿瘤免疫逃逸。本综述的目的是探讨甲状腺癌的免疫学方面，并评估这些特征是否可用于这种疾病晚期形式的预后和治疗。因此，我们将描述甲状腺癌的免疫格局和表型，总结研究免疫调节分子表达的研究，最后描述研究免疫疗法在甲状腺癌治疗中效用的临床前和临床试验。本综述的目的是探讨甲状腺癌的免疫学方面，并评估这些特征是否可用于这种疾病晚期形式的预后和治疗。因此，我们将描述甲状腺癌的免疫格局和表型，总结研究免疫调节分子表达的研究，最后描述研究免疫疗法在甲状腺癌治疗中效用的临床前和临床试验。
