Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien, Tübingen, Germany.
Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.
Br J Psychol. 2020 Feb;111(1):126-147. doi: 10.1111/bjop.12382. Epub 2019 Mar 10.
While most people are aware of the importance of sleep for their health, well-being, and performance, bedtime procrastination is a pervasive phenomenon that can be conceptualized as a case of self-control failure (Kroese et al., Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 2014, 1). Two daily diary studies (N = 185, N = 137) investigated beliefs about willpower and stress as interactive predictors of bedtime procrastination. Beliefs about willpower capture whether people think of their willpower as limited resource that gets easily depleted (limited theory) or as something that remains regardless of previous acts of self-control (non-limited theory). Results show that after a stressful day, people with a limited versus non-limited theory procrastinate more on going to bed, while there is no difference in bedtime procrastination on less stressful days. Thus, ironically, limited theorists who should be more concerned with recovering their resources after a stressful day sleep less the following night.
虽然大多数人都意识到睡眠对健康、幸福和表现的重要性，但睡前拖延是一种普遍存在的现象，可以被视为自我控制失败的一种情况（Kroese 等人，《心理学前沿》，5，2014，1）。两项日常日记研究（N=185，N=137）调查了关于意志力和压力的信念，作为睡前拖延的互动预测因素。关于意志力的信念捕捉到人们是否认为自己的意志力是一种有限的资源，容易耗尽（有限理论），还是一种无论之前进行了多少次自我控制都保持不变的资源（非有限理论）。研究结果表明，在压力大的一天之后，持有限理论的人比持非有限理论的人更有可能拖延上床睡觉的时间，而在压力较小的日子里，上床睡觉的拖延时间没有差异。因此，具有讽刺意味的是，那些在压力大的一天之后应该更关心恢复资源的有限理论者，第二天晚上的睡眠会更少。
