Schmidt Laura I, Baetzner Anke S, Dreisbusch Marina I, Mertens Alica, Sieverding Monika
Institute of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Institute of Sports and Sports Sciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Stress Health. 2024 Jun;40(3):e3330. doi: 10.1002/smi.3330. Epub 2023 Oct 17.
Sleep problems and stress are common among students and are associated with negative effects on academic performance as well as mental and physical health risks, but studies exploring mediating factors between stress and sleep on a daily basis are scarce. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of daily stress, Bedtime procrastination (BP) (i.e., postponing bedtime without external reasons), and sleep outcomes controlling for trait factors such as self-control. N = 96 students at a German university (M = 22.2 years, SD = 4.0) wore a sleep-tracking wearable (Fitbit Charge HR) for two weeks to assess sleep duration and to calculate the gap between the intended time to go to sleep and the objectively measured time of falling asleep. Stress, intended time to go to sleep, and sleep quality were assessed via daily diaries. Established questionnaires were used to measure trait self-control, trait BP, and smartphone addiction. Multilevel analyses indicated that more stress experienced during the day was associated with more BP (b = 2.32, p = 0.008), shorter sleep duration (b = -3.46, p = 0.003), and lower sleep quality (b = 1.03, p = 0.005) after controlling for several trait factors. The association of daily stress with sleep outcomes (quality and duration) was partly mediated by BP. Our findings indicate that BP might be one factor that contributes to stress-linked decreases in sleep duration and quality. Potential reasons for stress-related later time to fall asleep-like higher physiological arousal or stress-related worries-should be investigated in future studies.
睡眠问题和压力在学生中很常见，它们会对学业成绩以及身心健康风险产生负面影响，但每天探究压力和睡眠之间中介因素的研究却很少。本研究旨在调查日常压力、睡前拖延（即无外部原因推迟就寝时间）以及在控制诸如自我控制等特质因素的情况下睡眠结果之间的关系。德国一所大学的96名学生（平均年龄 = 22.2岁，标准差 = 4.0）佩戴睡眠追踪可穿戴设备（Fitbit Charge HR）两周，以评估睡眠时间，并计算计划入睡时间与客观测量的入睡时间之间的差距。通过每日日记评估压力、计划入睡时间和睡眠质量。使用已有的问卷来测量特质自我控制、特质睡前拖延和智能手机成瘾。多层次分析表明，在控制了几个特质因素后，白天经历的压力越大，睡前拖延越严重（b = 2.32，p = 0.008），睡眠时间越短（b = -3.46，p = 0.003），睡眠质量越低（b = 1.03，p = 0.005）。日常压力与睡眠结果（质量和时长）之间的关联部分由睡前拖延介导。我们的研究结果表明，睡前拖延可能是导致与压力相关的睡眠时间和质量下降的一个因素。未来的研究应调查与压力相关的入睡时间延迟的潜在原因，如更高的生理唤醒或与压力相关的担忧。
