Department of Psychology and Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo, 1021 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, United States.
Department of Psychology and Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo, 1021 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, United States.
Addict Behav. 2019 Aug;95:64-69. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.03.001. Epub 2019 Mar 3.
Several theories posit that cannabis and other substances are used to reduce negative affect. This daily report study considered whether variations in positive and negative affect, reported each morning, contributed to the likelihood of cannabis use later that day. We also explored whether levels of positive and negative affect reported immediately after cannabis use improved, relative to that day's morning levels. The sample included 183 men and 183 women representing heterosexual, cannabis-using couples from the community. Participants made independent, daily reports of affect and cannabis use episodes for 30 consecutive days. Using multilevel modeling, we modeled men's and women's use of cannabis on a given day as a function of morning levels of positive, hostile, and anxious affect, accounting for partner cannabis use that day, and mean levels of positive and negative affect. Men and women were more likely to use cannabis on a given day when morning positive affect was lower than typical for the person and when partner used cannabis that day. Neither hostile nor anxious affect contributed to later use of cannabis. Immediately after cannabis use, positive affect increased, and hostile and anxious affect decreased relative to that day's morning levels. The improved affect immediately after use suggests a mechanism of positive reinforcement.
一些理论假设大麻和其他物质被用来减轻负面情绪。本每日报告研究考虑了积极和消极情绪的变化是否会影响当天晚些时候大麻使用的可能性。我们还探讨了使用大麻后立即报告的积极和消极情绪是否相对于当天早上的水平有所改善。该样本包括来自社区的 183 名男性和 183 名女性异性恋大麻使用者。参与者连续 30 天独立、每日报告情绪和大麻使用情况。使用多层建模，我们将男性和女性在特定一天使用大麻的情况作为早晨积极、敌对和焦虑情绪水平的函数进行建模，考虑了当天伴侣使用大麻的情况以及积极和消极情绪的平均水平。当一个人的早晨积极情绪低于典型水平，并且伴侣当天使用大麻时，他们更有可能在特定的一天使用大麻。敌对和焦虑情绪都不会导致后来使用大麻。使用大麻后，积极情绪会增加，而敌对和焦虑情绪会相对于当天早上的水平下降。使用后情绪的改善表明存在一种正强化机制。
