Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey.
Department of Patient & Health Impact, Pfizer Inc., Collegeville, Pennsylvania.
Pediatr Diabetes. 2019 Aug;20(5):523-529. doi: 10.1111/pedi.12842. Epub 2019 Apr 25.
To estimate the prevalence of type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among U.S. Medicaid pediatric population aged <18 years 2002 to 2016 by age, sex, and race/ethnicity.
Participants aged <18 years old from 2002 to 2016 were identified from the MarketScan Multi-State Medicaid Database. Diabetes was defined as having (a) ≥1 claims for an outpatient or inpatient diabetes diagnosis and ≥2 prescriptions for any anti-diabetes medications or (b) records of ≥2 claims for an outpatient or inpatient diabetes diagnosis that were at least 30 days apart. Annual prevalence of diabetes and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Age-, sex-, and race-stratified prevalence were also assessed.
The annual prevalence of T1DM increased from 1.29 to 2.34/1000 pediatric persons from 2002 to 2016. The prevalence of T2DM rose from 0.70 in 2002 to 2.76/1000 in 2011, but then dropped to 2.12/1000 pediatric persons in 2016 in the Medicaid population. Prevalence of both T1DM and T2DM increased with age. While the prevalence of T1DM was similar in both sexes, and was most prevalent in Whites, prevalence of T2DM was higher in girls and was most prevalent in Blacks.
While the annual prevalence of T1DM in pediatric persons enrolled in Medicaid increased continuously from 2002 to 2016, the annual prevalence of T2DM increased from 2002 to 2011, with a subsequent decrease in 2016, possibly because of the increase of relatively healthier participants with the expanded eligibility through the ACA between 2011 and 2016.
通过年龄、性别和种族/民族，估计 2002 年至 2016 年美国医疗补助计划儿科人群中 18 岁以下的 1 型（T1DM）和 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）的患病率。
从 MarketScan 多州医疗补助数据库中确定了 2002 年至 2016 年年龄<18 岁的参与者。糖尿病的定义为：（a）≥1 次门诊或住院糖尿病诊断的索赔和/或≥2 次任何抗糖尿病药物的处方，或（b）≥2 次门诊或住院糖尿病诊断的记录，间隔至少 30 天。计算了糖尿病的年患病率和 95%置信区间（CI）。还评估了按年龄、性别和种族分层的患病率。
从 2002 年到 2016 年，T1DM 的年患病率从 1.29/1000 名儿科患者增加到 2.34/1000 名儿科患者。T2DM 的患病率从 2002 年的 0.70/1000 上升到 2011 年的 2.76/1000，但在医疗补助人群中，2016 年降至 2.12/1000 名儿科患者。T1DM 和 T2DM 的患病率均随年龄增长而增加。虽然 T1DM 在两性中的患病率相似，且在白人中最为普遍，但 T2DM 在女孩中更为普遍，在黑人中最为普遍。
虽然参加医疗补助计划的儿科患者中 T1DM 的年患病率从 2002 年到 2016 年持续增加，但 T2DM 的年患病率从 2002 年到 2011 年增加，随后在 2016 年下降，这可能是因为通过 ACA，在 2011 年至 2016 年期间，相对更健康的参与者的资格扩大。
