Radford D J, Gillies A D, Hinds J A, Duffy P
Med J Aust. 1986 May 12;144(10):540-4. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1986.tb112283.x.
Cardiac glycoside poisoning from the ingestion of plants, particularly of oleanders, occurs with reasonable frequency in tropical and subtropical areas. We have assessed a variety of plant specimens for their cardiac glycoside content by means of radioimmunoassays with antibodies that differ in their specificity for cardiac glycosides. Significant amounts of immunoreactive cardiac glycoside were found to be present in the ornamental shrubs: yellow oleander (Thevetia peruviana); oleander (Nerium oleander); wintersweet (Carissa spectabilis); bushman's poison (Carissa acokanthera); sea-mango (Cerbera manghas); and frangipani (Plumeria rubra); and in the milkweeds: redheaded cotton-bush (Asclepias curassavica); balloon cotton (Asclepias fruiticosa); king's crown (Calotropis procera); and rubber vine (Cryptostegia grandifolia). The venom gland of the cane toad (Bufo marinus) also contained large quantities of cardiac glycosides. The competitive immunoassay method permits the rapid screening of specimens that are suspected to contain cardiac glycosides. Awareness of the existence of these plant and animal toxins and their dangers allows them to be avoided and poisoning prevented. The method is also useful for the confirmation of the presence of cardiac glycosides in serum in cases of poisoning.
在热带和亚热带地区，因摄入植物尤其是夹竹桃而导致的强心苷中毒时有发生。我们通过使用对强心苷具有不同特异性的抗体进行放射免疫测定，评估了各种植物标本中的强心苷含量。结果发现，在观赏灌木中，黄花夹竹桃（Thevetia peruviana）、夹竹桃（Nerium oleander）、冬红（Carissa spectabilis）、非洲茉莉（Carissa acokanthera）、海芒果（Cerbera manghas）和鸡蛋花（Plumeria rubra）；以及在马利筋属植物中，红头棉丛（Asclepias curassavica）、气球棉（Asclepias fruiticosa）、牛角瓜（Calotropis procera）和橡胶藤（Cryptostegia grandifolia）中都含有大量免疫反应性强心苷。甘蔗蟾蜍（Bufo marinus）的毒腺中也含有大量强心苷。竞争性免疫测定方法可快速筛查疑似含有强心苷的标本。了解这些动植物毒素的存在及其危险性，有助于避免接触并预防中毒。该方法对于中毒病例血清中强心苷的确认也很有用。
