Center for Infectious Disease Control,National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM),Bilthoven,The Netherlands.
Department of Public Health,Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam,Rotterdam,The Netherlands.
Epidemiol Infect. 2019 Jan;147:e147. doi: 10.1017/S0950268819000359.
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are usually asymptomatic for decades, thus targeted screening can prevent liver disease by timely diagnosis and linkage to care. More robust estimates of chronic HBV and HCV infections in the general population and risk groups are needed. Using a modified workbook method, the total number of ever chronically infected individuals in the Netherlands in 2016 was determined using population size and prevalence estimates from studies in the general and high-risk population. The estimated 2016 chronic HBV infection prevalence is 0.34% (low 0.22%, high 0.47%), corresponding to approximately 49 000 (low 31 000, high 66 000) HBV-infected individuals aged 15 years and older. The estimated ever-chronic HCV infection prevalence is 0.16% (low 0.06%, high 0.27%), corresponding to approximately 23 000 (low 8000, high 38 000) ever-chronic HCV-infected individuals. The prevalence of chronic HBV and HCV infections in the Netherlands is low. First-generation migrants account for most infections with 81% and 60% of chronic HBV and HCV infections, respectively. However, about one-fifth of HCV infections is found in the general population at low risk. This method can serve as an example for countries in need of more accurate prevalence estimates, to help the design and evaluation of prevention and control policies.
慢性乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染通常在数十年内无症状，因此，通过及时诊断和联系治疗进行有针对性的筛查可以预防肝病。需要更准确地估计普通人群和高危人群中的慢性 HBV 和 HCV 感染。使用改良的工作簿方法，根据一般人群和高危人群研究中的人口规模和流行率估计数，确定了 2016 年荷兰所有慢性感染者的总数。估计 2016 年慢性 HBV 感染的流行率为 0.34%（低值为 0.22%，高值为 0.47%），相当于大约 49000（低值为 31000，高值为 66000）名年龄在 15 岁及以上的 HBV 感染者。估计的慢性 HCV 既往感染流行率为 0.16%（低值为 0.06%，高值为 0.27%），相当于大约 23000（低值为 8000，高值为 38000）名慢性 HCV 既往感染者。荷兰慢性 HBV 和 HCV 感染的流行率较低。第一代移民分别占慢性 HBV 和 HCV 感染的大多数，分别为 81%和 60%。然而，大约五分之一的 HCV 感染发生在低危的普通人群中。这种方法可以作为需要更准确流行率估计的国家的一个范例，以帮助设计和评估预防和控制政策。
