社区关怀方案对与性别暴力（GBV）相关的社会规范变化的影响，以干预区和索马里摩加迪沙的对照区的居民为比较对象。
Effectiveness of the Communities Care programme on change in social norms associated with gender-based violence (GBV) with residents in intervention compared with control districts in Mogadishu, Somalia.
机构信息
School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
UNICEF USA, New York City, New York, USA.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2019 Mar 13;9(3):e023819. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023819.
OBJECTIVE
Determine the effectiveness of the Communities Care programme (CCP) on change in harmful social norms associated with gender-based violence (GBV) and confidence in provision of services with residents in intervention compared with control district. We hypothesised that residents in the intervention district would report a decrease in support for harmful social norms and increase in confidence in services in comparison with control district.
SETTING
The study was conducted in Mogadishu, Somalia.
PARTICIPANTS
In the intervention district, 192 community members (50% women) completed baseline surveys with 163 (84.9%) retained at endline. In the control district, 195 community members (50% women) completed baseline surveys with 167 (85.6%) retained at endline.
INTERVENTION
CCP uses facilitated dialogues with community members to catalyse GBV prevention actions and provides training to diverse sectors to strengthen response services for GBV survivors.
RESULTS
Residents in the intervention district had significantly greater improvement in change in social norms: (1) response to sexual violence (b=-0.214, p=0.041); (2) protecting family honour (b=-0.558, p<0.001); and (3) husband's right to use violence (b=-0.309, p=0.003) compared with control district participants. The greatest change was seen in the norm of 'protecting family honour' with a Cohen's d effect size (ES) of 0.70, followed by the norm 'husband's right to use violence' (ES=0.38), and then the norm of 'response to sexual violence' (ES=0.28). Residents in intervention district had a significantly greater increase in confidence in provision of GBV services across diverse sectors than the control district (b=0.318, p<0.001) with an associated effect size of 0.67. There were no significant differences between residents in intervention and control districts on change in personal beliefs on the norms.
CONCLUSION
The evaluation showed the promise of CCP in changing harmful social norms associated with GBV and increasing confidence in provision of services in a complex humanitarian setting.
目的
确定社区关怀计划（CCP）在改变与基于性别的暴力（GBV）相关的有害社会规范以及增强干预与对照地区居民对服务提供的信心方面的有效性。我们假设干预地区的居民会报告对有害社会规范的支持减少，对服务的信心增强，与对照地区相比。
背景
该研究在索马里摩加迪沙进行。
参与者
在干预区，192 名社区成员（50%为女性）完成了基线调查，其中 163 名（84.9%）在随访结束时保留。在对照区，195 名社区成员（50%为女性）完成了基线调查，其中 167 名（85.6%）在随访结束时保留。
干预措施
CCP 利用与社区成员进行的促进对话来催化 GBV 预防行动，并为不同部门提供培训，以加强对 GBV 幸存者的服务响应。
结果
干预区的居民在社会规范的变化方面有显著的改善：（1）对性暴力的反应（b=-0.214，p=0.041）；（2）保护家庭名誉（b=-0.558，p<0.001）；（3）丈夫使用暴力的权利（b=-0.309，p=0.003），与对照区参与者相比。最大的变化出现在“保护家庭名誉”的规范中，Cohen's d 效应大小（ES）为 0.70，其次是“丈夫使用暴力的权利”规范（ES=0.38），然后是“对性暴力的反应”规范（ES=0.28）。干预区的居民对不同部门提供的 GBV 服务的信心有了显著的提高，而对照区的居民则有了显著的提高（b=0.318，p<0.001），其相关效应大小为 0.67。干预区和对照区的居民在规范的个人信念变化方面没有显著差异。
结论
评估结果表明，CCP 在改变与 GBV 相关的有害社会规范，并在复杂的人道主义环境中增强对服务提供的信心方面具有潜力。
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