Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, Thermi, 57001, Greece.
One Health Center for Zoonoses and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis.
Parasit Vectors. 2019 Mar 15;12(1):113. doi: 10.1186/s13071-019-3339-5.
The zoonotic parasite Taenia saginata utilizes bovines as an intermediate host (causing cysticercosis) and humans as the definitive host (causing taeniosis). The public health burden of T. saginata is assumed to be low, but the economic burden is large, due to the resources utilized in the detection and condemnation of infected carcasses and carcass parts. As part of a collaborative effort to synthesize worldwide epidemiological data on this parasite, we present here the results of a systematic review on the distribution of T. saginata taeniosis and bovine cysticercosis in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA).
Information on the occurrence and prevalence of T. saginata taeniosis and cysticercosis in the MENA region was obtained through a systematic review of published and grey literature, including OIE reports, published between January 1st, 1990 and December 31st, 2017.
A total of 63 publications were retrieved across the 21 MENA countries. Taenia saginata taeniosis was reported in 11 of these countries, whereas unspecified taeniosis was reported for a further seven. Microscopy-based prevalence values ranged between 0.02-8.6%. Bovine cysticercosis prevalence estimates based on meat inspection were only reported for Egypt and Israel, with prevalence data ranging between 0.2-20% and 0.1-9.1% for cattle and buffaloes, respectively. The presence of bovine cysticercosis could be confirmed for 10 additional countries through OIE reports.
Human taeniosis occurrence was confirmed for 86% (18/21) of the countries in the MENA region, although in several of these countries the species responsible was not specified. Religious prohibitions on the consumption of pork and the limited extent of pig farming across much of this region, however, suggest that many reported taeniosis cases are likely to be attributable to T. saginata rather than Taenia solium or Taenia asiatica. There was a paucity of data regarding both the prevalence and economic impact of bovine cysticercosis. More detailed epidemiological data on both T. saginata taeniosis and bovine cysticercosis could be obtained by adopting an integrated "One Health" approach, considering the characteristics (e.g. ecosystem related and sociopolitical aspects) of the MENA region. Compared with more conventional approaches, this could lead to an enhanced performance and cost-effectiveness of surveillance systems.
绦虫科寄生虫有钩绦虫利用牛作为中间宿主（引起囊尾蚴病），人类作为终末宿主（引起带绦虫病）。由于检测和处置感染的胴体和胴体部位所耗费的资源，有钩绦虫的公共卫生负担被认为是较低的，但经济负担是巨大的。作为协作努力的一部分，以综合全世界关于这种寄生虫的流行病学数据，我们在此展示中东和北非（MENA）地区有钩绦虫带绦虫病和牛囊尾蚴病分布的系统评价结果。
通过对 1990 年 1 月 1 日至 2017 年 12 月 31 日期间出版和灰色文献（包括 OIE 报告）的系统审查，获得了 MENA 地区有钩绦虫带绦虫病和囊尾蚴病发生和流行情况的信息。
在 21 个 MENA 国家中检索到了 63 篇文献。其中 11 个国家报告了有钩绦虫带绦虫病，另有 7 个国家报告了未特指的带绦虫病。基于显微镜的流行率值在 0.02-8.6%之间。基于肉品检验的牛囊尾蚴病流行率估计仅在埃及和以色列报告，牛和水牛的流行率数据分别为 0.2-20%和 0.1-9.1%。通过 OIE 报告可以确认在另外 10 个国家存在牛囊尾蚴病。
在 MENA 地区的 21 个国家中，有 86%（18/21）确认了人类带绦虫病的发生，尽管在其中一些国家，具体的物种并未得到明确说明。在该地区的大部分地区，由于对猪肉消费的宗教禁令和有限的养猪规模，因此许多报告的带绦虫病例可能归因于有钩绦虫，而不是猪带绦虫或亚洲带绦虫。关于牛囊尾蚴病的流行率和经济影响的数据很少。通过采用综合的“同一健康”方法，可以获得关于有钩绦虫带绦虫病和牛囊尾蚴病的更详细的流行病学数据，同时考虑到 MENA 地区的特点（例如生态系统相关和社会政治方面）。与更传统的方法相比，这可以提高监测系统的性能和成本效益。
