Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA.
Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2019 Mar 16;21(5):17. doi: 10.1007/s11883-019-0776-8.
The 2018 American College of Cardiology (ACC) and American Heart Association (AHA) cholesterol guidelines are a comprehensive update providing recommendations for management of patients with high blood cholesterol based on the best available evidence. This review highlights key topics clinicians need to know for the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) based on the 2018 ACC/AHA cholesterol guidelines.
The guidelines include a broad framework for risk estimation and management for primary prevention of ASCVD. Additional tools to refine risk assessment and guide management in primary prevention are outlined, including the use of risk-enhancing factors and coronary artery calcium score measurement. Lifestyle modification, appropriate risk assessment, and the use of proven pharmacologic therapies are essential for effective primary prevention as outlined in the 2018 ACC/AHA cholesterol guidelines.
2018 年美国心脏病学会（ACC）和美国心脏协会（AHA）胆固醇指南是一项全面更新，基于现有最佳证据，为高胆固醇血症患者的管理提供了建议。本综述重点介绍了基于 2018 年 ACC/AHA 胆固醇指南，临床医生在动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（ASCVD）一级预防方面需要了解的关键内容。
该指南包括 ASCVD 一级预防风险评估和管理的广泛框架。还概述了用于细化风险评估和指导一级预防管理的其他工具，包括使用风险增强因素和冠状动脉钙评分测量。如 2018 年 ACC/AHA 胆固醇指南所述，生活方式的改变、适当的风险评估和使用经过验证的药物治疗对于有效的一级预防至关重要。
