Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2019 May;76(10):1947-1966. doi: 10.1007/s00018-019-03053-0. Epub 2019 Mar 16.
The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the crucial regulators of human chronic diseases. Therefore, approaches such as antisense oligonucleotides, RNAi technology, and small molecule inhibitors have been used for the therapeutic targeting of lncRNAs. During the last decade, phytochemicals and nutraceuticals have been explored for their potential against lncRNAs. The common lncRNAs known to be modulated by phytochemicals include ROR, PVT1, HOTAIR, MALAT1, H19, MEG3, PCAT29, PANDAR, NEAT1, and GAS5. The phytochemicals such as curcumin, resveratrol, sulforaphane, berberine, EGCG, and gambogic acid have been examined against lncRNAs. In some cases, formulation of phytochemicals has also been used. The disease models where phytochemicals have been demonstrated to modulate lncRNAs expression include cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The regulation of lncRNAs by phytochemicals can affect multi-steps of tumor development. When administered in combination with the conventional drugs, phytochemicals can also produce synergistic effects on lncRNAs leading to the sensitization of cancer cells. Phytochemicals target lncRNAs either directly or indirectly by affecting a wide variety of upstream molecules. However, the potential of phytochemicals against lncRNAs has been demonstrated mostly by preclinical studies in cancer models. How the modulation of lncRNAs by phytochemicals produce therapeutic effects on cancer and other chronic diseases is discussed in this review.
长链非编码 RNA（lncRNAs）是人类慢性疾病的关键调控因子。因此，反义寡核苷酸、RNAi 技术和小分子抑制剂等方法已被用于 lncRNA 的治疗靶向。在过去十年中，植物化学物质和营养保健品已被探索用于针对 lncRNA 的潜在用途。已知被植物化学物质调节的常见 lncRNA 包括 ROR、PVT1、HOTAIR、MALAT1、H19、MEG3、PCAT29、PANDAR、NEAT1 和 GAS5。已经研究了姜黄素、白藜芦醇、萝卜硫素、小檗碱、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯和藤黄酸等植物化学物质对 lncRNA 的作用。在某些情况下，还使用了植物化学物质的制剂。已经证明植物化学物质可以调节 lncRNA 表达的疾病模型包括癌症、类风湿关节炎、骨关节炎和非酒精性脂肪性肝病。植物化学物质对 lncRNA 的调节可以影响肿瘤发展的多个步骤。当与常规药物联合使用时，植物化学物质也可以对 lncRNA 产生协同作用，从而使癌细胞敏感化。植物化学物质通过影响广泛的上游分子，直接或间接地靶向 lncRNA。然而，植物化学物质针对 lncRNA 的潜力主要是通过癌症模型中的临床前研究证明的。本文讨论了植物化学物质对 lncRNA 的调节如何对癌症和其他慢性疾病产生治疗效果。
