School of Communication and the Arts,Marist College, Poughkeepsie, NY,USA.
School of Journalism,Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL,USA.
J Behav Addict. 2019 Mar 1;8(1):79-87. doi: 10.1556/2006.8.2019.09. Epub 2019 Mar 18.
Although social networking sites brought giant convenience, many negative effects on users' psychological well-being need more investigation. This study used a survey to examine Facebook addiction and state anxiety without Facebook. As research shows gender is related to trait anxiety and may interact with trait anxiety to influence state anxiety, we also assess the interaction effect between gender and trait anxiety.
A total of 526 college students in the US participated in the survey. A systematic sampling method was used and an e-mail invitation with the link of the survey was sent to every third student on the students' e-mail list. Study measures included demographics, trait anxiety, Facebook intensity, different Facebook activities, Facebook addiction, and state anxiety without Facebook. Hierarchical multiple regression was run to test how trait anxiety, gender, Facebook intensity, and different types of Facebook activities predict Facebook addiction and state anxiety.
Facebook use intensity predicts Facebook addiction (β = 0.573, p < .001) and state anxiety (β = 0.567, p < .001). Facebook use for broadcasting positively predicts Facebook addiction (β = 0.200, p < .01) and state anxiety (β = 0.171, p < .01). Trait anxiety positively predicts Facebook addiction (β = 0.121, p < .05) and state anxiety (β = 0.119, p < .05). Gender interacts with trait anxiety and jointly predicts Facebook addiction (β = 0.201, p < .01).
Trait anxiety, Facebook intensity, and broadcasting behavior on Facebook positively predict Facebook addiction and state anxiety. Moreover, gender interacts with trait anxiety, so that the gender difference in Facebook addiction is significant only when trait anxiety is low.
尽管社交网站带来了巨大的便利，但许多对用户心理健康的负面影响仍需进一步研究。本研究采用问卷调查的方式，在无 Facebook 的情况下，考察 Facebook 成瘾和状态焦虑。研究表明，性别与特质焦虑有关，并且可能与特质焦虑相互作用，从而影响状态焦虑，因此我们也评估了性别与特质焦虑之间的交互作用。
共有 526 名美国大学生参与了调查。采用系统抽样方法，向学生电子邮件名单中每第三个学生发送电子邮件邀请，附带调查链接。研究措施包括人口统计学、特质焦虑、Facebook 使用强度、不同的 Facebook 活动、Facebook 成瘾以及无 Facebook 时的状态焦虑。使用分层多元回归分析来检验特质焦虑、性别、Facebook 使用强度和不同类型的 Facebook 活动如何预测 Facebook 成瘾和状态焦虑。
Facebook 使用强度预测 Facebook 成瘾（β=0.573，p<.001）和状态焦虑（β=0.567，p<.001）。Facebook 用于广播积极预测 Facebook 成瘾（β=0.200，p<.01）和状态焦虑（β=0.171，p<.01）。特质焦虑积极预测 Facebook 成瘾（β=0.121，p<.05）和状态焦虑（β=0.119，p<.05）。性别与特质焦虑相互作用，共同预测 Facebook 成瘾（β=0.201，p<.01）。
特质焦虑、Facebook 使用强度和 Facebook 上的广播行为积极预测 Facebook 成瘾和状态焦虑。此外，性别与特质焦虑相互作用，只有在特质焦虑较低时，性别差异在 Facebook 成瘾方面才具有显著意义。
