Emerg Infect Dis. 2019 Apr;25(4):701-709. doi: 10.3201/eid2504.180935.
Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia is a substantial cause of childhood disease and death, but few studies have described its epidemiology in developing countries. Using a population-based surveillance system for pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis, we estimated S. aureus bacteremia incidence and the case-fatality ratio in children <5 years of age in 2 regions in the eastern part of The Gambia during 2008-2015. Among 33,060 children with suspected pneumonia, sepsis, or meningitis, we performed blood culture for 27,851; of 1,130 patients with bacteremia, 198 (17.5%) were positive for S. aureus. S. aureus bacteremia incidence was 78 (95% CI 67-91) cases/100,000 person-years in children <5 years of age and 2,080 (95% CI 1,621-2,627) cases/100,000 person-years in neonates. Incidence did not change after introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. The case-fatality ratio was 14.1% (95% CI 9.6%-19.8%). Interventions are needed to reduce the S. aureus bacteremia burden in The Gambia, particularly among neonates.
金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症是儿童疾病和死亡的重要原因，但很少有研究描述发展中国家的金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症流行病学。我们利用肺炎、败血症和脑膜炎的基于人群的监测系统，估计了 2008 年至 2015 年冈比亚东部 2 个地区 5 岁以下儿童金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症的发病率和病死率。在 33060 例疑似患有肺炎、败血症或脑膜炎的儿童中，我们对 27851 例进行了血培养；在 1130 例菌血症患者中，198 例（17.5%）为金黄色葡萄球菌阳性。5 岁以下儿童金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症的发病率为 78（95%CI67-91）例/100000 人年，新生儿为 2080（95%CI1621-2627）例/100000 人年。在引入肺炎球菌结合疫苗后，发病率没有变化。病死率为 14.1%（95%CI9.6%-19.8%）。冈比亚需要采取干预措施来降低金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症的负担，特别是在新生儿中。
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