School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
Department of Human Sciences for Education, University of Milano - Bicocca, Milano, Italy.
J Nurs Manag. 2019 May;27(4):765-774. doi: 10.1111/jonm.12771. Epub 2019 Apr 9.
To verify the role of dispositional mindfulness, difficulties in emotion regulation and empathy in explaining burnout levels of emergency room (ER) nurses.
Many studies have examined the variables that can affect burnout amongst ER nurses, but little is known about factors that can protect ER nurses against work-related stress.
A multi-centre cross-sectional design was used. Burnout level intensity, dispositional mindfulness facets, difficulties in emotion regulation and empathy dimensions were assessed using valid and reliable self-report questionnaires in a sample of ER nurses (N = 97) from three different hospitals.
Higher dispositional mindfulness and cognitive empathy levels and lower difficulties in emotion regulation, were negatively associated with emotional exhaustion levels.
ER nurses with more mindful, emotion regulation and empathy skills are more able to manage work-related distress.
Experiential interventions to promote mindfulness skills, emotion regulation variability and flexibility in a clinical context and the cognitive side of empathy are recommended for ER nurses to reduce professional distress, and to enhance personal and work satisfaction. Future research should assess the effectiveness of new multi-factorial interventions which combine the development of mindfulness, emotion regulation and empathy skills in ER nurses.
验证特质正念、情绪调节困难和同理心在解释急诊室（ER）护士倦怠水平中的作用。
许多研究已经检查了可能影响 ER 护士倦怠的变量，但对于可以保护 ER 护士免受与工作相关压力的因素知之甚少。
采用多中心横断面设计。使用有效和可靠的自我报告问卷，在来自三家不同医院的 ER 护士样本（N=97）中评估倦怠水平强度、特质正念方面、情绪调节困难和同理心维度。
较高的特质正念和认知同理心水平以及较低的情绪调节困难与情绪耗竭水平呈负相关。
具有更多正念、情绪调节和同理心技能的 ER 护士更能够应对与工作相关的压力。
建议在临床环境中为 ER 护士开展经验性干预措施，以促进正念技能、情绪调节的可变性和灵活性，以及同理心的认知方面，以减少职业压力，提高个人和工作满意度。未来的研究应该评估新的多因素干预措施的有效性，这些措施将 ER 护士的正念、情绪调节和同理心技能的发展结合起来。
