青少年及年轻女性高催乳素血症的临床表现、评估与管理：简要综述
Clinical manifestations, evaluation and management of hyperprolactinemia in adolescent and young girls: a brief review.
作者信息
Matalliotakis Michail, Koliarakis Ioannis, Matalliotaki Charoula, Trivli Alexandra, Hatzidaki Eleftheria
机构信息
Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Venizeleio General Hospital, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
出版信息
Acta Biomed. 2019 Jan 23;90(1):149-157. doi: 10.23750/abm.v90i1.8142.
Hyperprolactinemia (HPrl) is considered as a rare endocrinopathy in childhood. In children and adolescent girls, there are three major categories of HPrl causes; physiological, pathological and iatrogenic. Through hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, prolactin hypersecretion and production leads to the typical functional syndrome which is observed in female children and adolescents; delayed puberty, primary or secondary amenorrhea and/or galactorrhea. Regarding prolactinomas, clinical signs manifest with mass compression of the optic chiasm and anterior pituitary gland or prolactin hypersecretion. Targeted identification of HPrl is of significant importance for proper management and follow-up. The aim of this review is to focus on the evaluation of HPrl in adolescent and young girls. In addition, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge regarding the proper management of such cases.
高催乳素血症（HPrl）被认为是儿童期一种罕见的内分泌疾病。在儿童和青春期女孩中，HPrl的病因主要有三大类：生理性、病理性和医源性。通过促性腺激素缺乏性性腺功能减退，催乳素分泌过多和产生导致在女童和青少年中观察到的典型功能综合征；青春期延迟、原发性或继发性闭经和/或溢乳。关于催乳素瘤，临床症状表现为视交叉和垂体前叶的肿块压迫或催乳素分泌过多。对HPrl进行有针对性的识别对于正确的管理和随访至关重要。本综述的目的是关注青少年和年轻女孩中HPrl的评估。此外，我们旨在总结有关此类病例正确管理的现有知识。
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