von Werder K, Rjosk H K
Klin Wochenschr. 1979 Jan 1;57(1):1-12. doi: 10.1007/BF01476976.
Human prolactin (hPRL) is the most recent anterior pituitary hormone in human endocrinology, whose structure has been elucidated in 1977. The possibility to measure hPRL in serum has led to a rapid increase of our knowledge of prolactin-physiology and -pathophysiology in men. hPRL is the only anterior pituitary hormone which is under predominantly inhibitory hypothalamic control. The effects of prolactin in the various species differ considerably, whereas in men it acts mainly upon the mammary gland and the gonadal system. Hyperprolactinemia leads typically to hypogonadism, amenorrhea and frequently galactorrhea. The hyperprolactinemia-hypogonadism-syndrome has been identified as a separate entity in recent years. Because of the relative frequency of this disease prolactin measurements have become of great importance in the diagnosis of sterility. Depending on the cause of hyperprolactinemia a neurosurgical, radiotherapeutical or medical treatment is indicated.
人催乳素（hPRL）是人类内分泌学中最新发现的一种垂体前叶激素，其结构于1977年被阐明。血清中hPRL检测方法的出现，使我们对男性催乳素生理和病理生理学的认识迅速增加。hPRL是唯一主要受下丘脑抑制性控制的垂体前叶激素。催乳素在不同物种中的作用差异很大，而在男性中它主要作用于乳腺和性腺系统。高催乳素血症通常会导致性腺功能减退、闭经，并常常伴有溢乳。近年来，高催乳素血症-性腺功能减退综合征已被确认为一种独立的病症。由于这种疾病的相对发病率较高，催乳素检测在不育症诊断中变得极为重要。根据高催乳素血症的病因，可采用神经外科、放射治疗或药物治疗。
