Faculty of Nursing N. S. Candelaria, University of La Laguna, Canary Islands Public Health Service, 38010 Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
Faculty of Psychology, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Mar 18;16(6):978. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16060978.
: Transgender people have a gender identity different from the one allocated to them at birth. In many countries, transsexualism and transgenderism are considered mental illnesses under the diagnosis of gender dysphoria. This pathologization impacts on human rights. : The United Nations (UN) has denounced violations against trans-people, including attacks, forced medical treatments, lack of legal gender recognition, and discrimination in the areas of education, employment, access to healthcare, and justice. The UN has linked these violations directly with discriminatory diagnostic classifications that pathologize gender diversity. Trans-people have been pathologized by psycho-medical classification and laws all around the world, with a different impact depending on countries. This paper argues that pathologization infringes infringes upon a wide range of human rights such as; civil, economic, social cultural and also the access to medical care. : The current situation for trans-people with respect to legal healthcare matters, depends on the country. Human rights are universal, not a question for cultural interpretation. They are the minimum that every human being must have assured only by the fact of being human. Countries must protect these rights by regulating trans-pathologization with special attention dedicated to intersex people and their specific needs.
跨性别者的性别认同与出生时分配给他们的性别不同。在许多国家，易性症和跨性别被认为是性别认同障碍的精神疾病。这种病理化会影响人权。
联合国（UN）谴责针对跨性别者的侵犯人权行为，包括袭击、强制医疗、缺乏合法的性别认同以及在教育、就业、获得医疗保健和司法领域的歧视。联合国将这些侵犯行为直接与将性别多样性病理化的歧视性诊断分类联系起来。世界各地的精神医学分类和法律都将跨性别者病理化，其影响因国家而异。本文认为，病理化侵犯了广泛的人权，包括公民、经济、社会文化权利，以及获得医疗保健的权利。
跨性别者在法律医疗保健方面的现状取决于国家。人权是普遍的，不是文化解释的问题。它们是每个人都必须拥有的最低保障，仅仅因为他们是人类。各国必须通过专门针对间性人和他们的特殊需求的跨性别病理化的法规来保护这些权利。
