Phillips Jarrett D, Gillis Daniel J, Hanner Robert H
School of Computer Science University of Guelph Guelph Ontario Canada.
Centre for Biodiversity Genomics Biodiversity Institute of Ontario University of Guelph Guelph Ontario Canada.
Ecol Evol. 2019 Feb 16;9(5):2996-3010. doi: 10.1002/ece3.4757. eCollection 2019 Mar.
DNA barcoding has greatly accelerated the pace of specimen identification to the species level, as well as species delineation. Whereas the application of DNA barcoding to the matching of unknown specimens to known species is straightforward, its use for species delimitation is more controversial, as species discovery hinges critically on present levels of haplotype diversity, as well as patterning of standing genetic variation that exists within and between species. Typical sample sizes for molecular biodiversity assessment using DNA barcodes range from 5 to 10 individuals per species. However, required levels that are necessary to fully gauge haplotype variation at the species level are presumed to be strongly taxon-specific. Importantly, little attention has been paid to determining appropriate specimen sample sizes that are necessary to reveal the majority of intraspecific haplotype variation within any one species. In this paper, we present a brief outline of the current literature and methods on intraspecific sample size estimation for the assessment of COI DNA barcode haplotype sampling completeness. The importance of adequate sample sizes for studies of molecular biodiversity is stressed, with application to a variety of metazoan taxa, through reviewing foundational statistical and population genetic models, with specific application to ray-finned fishes (Chordata: Actinopterygii). Finally, promising avenues for further research in this area are highlighted.
DNA条形码极大地加快了将标本鉴定到物种水平以及进行物种界定的步伐。虽然将DNA条形码应用于将未知标本与已知物种进行匹配很直接，但将其用于物种界定则更具争议性，因为物种发现严重依赖于当前的单倍型多样性水平，以及物种内部和物种之间现存遗传变异的模式。使用DNA条形码进行分子生物多样性评估的典型样本量为每个物种5至10个个体。然而，据推测，在物种水平上全面衡量单倍型变异所需的水平具有很强的分类群特异性。重要的是，对于确定揭示任何一个物种内大多数种内单倍型变异所需的合适标本样本量，人们关注甚少。在本文中，我们简要概述了当前关于评估COI DNA条形码单倍型采样完整性的种内样本量估计的文献和方法。通过回顾基础统计和群体遗传模型，强调了足够样本量对于分子生物多样性研究的重要性，并将其应用于各种后生动物分类群，特别是辐鳍鱼类（脊索动物门：辐鳍鱼纲）。最后，突出了该领域进一步研究的有前景的途径。
