Department of Chromosome Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
Mol Biol Cell. 2019 May 15;30(11):1326-1338. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E18-08-0487. Epub 2019 Mar 20.
Condensins are highly conserved proteins that are important for chromosome maintenance in nearly all forms of life. Although many organisms employ two forms of the condensin complex, the condensin genes in have expanded even further. Here we report a form of condensin that is specifically active during sexual reproduction. This complex, condensin D, is composed of the core condensin proteins, Smc2 and Smc4, and two unique subunits, the kleisin Cph5 and Cpd2. Cpd2 is also found in somatic nuclei in vegetative cells, but is dispensable for growth and nuclear division. Immunoprecipitation experiments show that condensin D interacts with a putative member of a chromatin-remodeling complex during development. Condensin D is required for sexual reproduction and for endoreplication and genome reduction of the progeny's somatic nuclei. Altogether, possesses at least four forms of condensin to fulfill the needs of maintaining chromosomes in two different nuclei containing the somatic and germline genomes.
凝缩素是高度保守的蛋白质，对于几乎所有生命形式的染色体维持都很重要。尽管许多生物体都采用两种形式的凝缩素复合物，但 的凝缩素基因进一步扩展了。在这里，我们报告了一种在有性生殖过程中特异性活跃的凝缩素。这种复合物，凝缩素 D，由核心凝缩素蛋白 Smc2 和 Smc4 以及两个独特的亚基 kleisin Cph5 和 Cpd2 组成。Cpd2 也存在于营养细胞的体细胞核中，但对生长和核分裂不是必需的。免疫沉淀实验表明，凝缩素 D 在发育过程中与一个假定的染色质重塑复合物相互作用。凝缩素 D 是有性生殖以及后代体细胞核的内复制和基因组减少所必需的。总之，至少有四种形式的凝缩素来满足在包含体细胞和生殖体基因组的两个不同核中维持染色体的需求。
