College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.
Department of Population Health, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Mar 19;16(6):990. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16060990.
To examine associations of adolescents' weight status perception and weight control intentions with dietary intakes.
Cross-sectional data from adolescents aged 10⁻15 in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2005⁻2014 (n = 4940). Adolescents responded to questions regarding weight perception and if they were trying to change their weight. Intakes of calories, protein, carbohydrate, fat, saturated fat, sugar, and fiber were assessed using 24-h dietary recalls. Multivariable linear regression estimated associations of intakes with weight perception and weight control intentions.
The majority of adolescents perceived their weight as "about right"; however, 45% and 46% of boys and girls, respectively, reported trying to change their weight. Weight perception was not associated with intakes, with the exception of lower sugar (-13.65 g, 95% CI: -23.06, -4.23) and higher percent calories from protein (1.01%, 95% CI: 0.16, 1.87) in boys with overweight/obesity who perceived themselves as overweight, as well as lower percent calories from saturated fat (-1.04%, 95% CI: -2.24, -0.17) among girls with normal weight who perceived themselves as overweight. Weight control intentions were associated with intakes in boys only. Compared to boys who never tried to lose weight, boys who tried to lose weight consumed fewer calories (-188.34 kcal, 95% CI: -357.67, -19.01), a lower percent of calories from fat (-1.41%, 95% CI: -2.80, -0.02), and a greater percent of calories from protein (1.48%, 95% CI: 0.41, 2.55).
Despite perceiving weight as "about right", many adolescents reported trying to change their weight, which was associated with some dietary intakes. Efforts may be necessary to educate adolescents on healthy nutrition and weight management behaviors.
研究青少年体重感知和体重控制意图与饮食摄入的关联。
2005-2014 年，利用全国健康与营养调查中 10-15 岁青少年的横断面数据（n=4940）。青少年回答了关于体重感知和是否试图改变体重的问题。使用 24 小时膳食回顾法评估了热量、蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂肪、饱和脂肪、糖和纤维的摄入量。多变量线性回归估计了摄入量与体重感知和体重控制意图的关联。
大多数青少年认为自己的体重“刚刚好”；然而，分别有 45%和 46%的男孩和女孩报告说试图改变体重。体重感知与摄入量没有关联，除了超重/肥胖的男孩（超重感知）的糖摄入量减少 13.65 克（95%置信区间：-23.06，-4.23）和蛋白质提供的热量百分比增加 1.01%（95%置信区间：0.16，1.87），以及正常体重的女孩（超重感知）的饱和脂肪提供的热量百分比减少 1.04%（95%置信区间：-2.24，-0.17）。体重控制意图仅与男孩的摄入量有关。与从未试图减肥的男孩相比，试图减肥的男孩摄入的热量减少 188.34 千卡（95%置信区间：-357.67，-19.01），脂肪提供的热量百分比减少 1.41%（95%置信区间：-2.80，-0.02），蛋白质提供的热量百分比增加 1.48%（95%置信区间：0.41，2.55）。
尽管青少年认为体重“刚刚好”，但许多人仍报告试图改变体重，这与一些饮食摄入有关。可能需要努力教育青少年关于健康营养和体重管理行为。
