Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai, 200233, China.
Department of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
Sci Rep. 2019 Mar 20;9(1):4736. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-38216-9.
Resistant starch (RS) has been reported to reduce body fat in obese mice. However, this effect has not been demonstrated in humans. In this study, we tested the effects of RS in 19 volunteers with normal body weights. A randomized, double-blinded and crossover design clinical trial was conducted. The study subjects were given either 40 g high amylose RS2 or energy-matched control starch with three identical diets per day throughout the study. The effect of RS was evaluated by monitoring body fat, glucose metabolism, gut hormones, gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and metabolites. The visceral and subcutaneous fat areas were significantly reduced following RS intake. Acetate and early-phase insulin, C-peptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion were increased, and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were decreased after the RS intervention. Based on 16S rRNA sequencing, certain gut microbes were significantly decreased after RS supplementation, whereas the genus Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005 showed an increase in abundance. Other potential signatures of the RS intervention included Akkermansia, Ruminococcus_2, Victivallis, and Comamonas. Moreover, the baseline abundance of the genera Streptococcus, Ruminococcus_torques_group, Eubacterium_hallii_group, and Eubacterium_eligens_group was significantly associated with the hormonal and metabolic effects of RS. These observations suggest that a daily intake of 40 g of RS is effective in modulating body fat, SCFAs, early-phase insulin and GLP-1 secretion and the gut microbiota in normal-weight subjects.
抗性淀粉（RS）已被报道可减少肥胖小鼠的体脂肪。然而，这一效应尚未在人体中得到证实。在这项研究中，我们在 19 名体重正常的志愿者中测试了 RS 的作用。采用随机、双盲、交叉设计的临床试验。研究对象每天接受 40g 高直链淀粉 RS2 或能量匹配对照淀粉的三种相同饮食。通过监测体脂肪、葡萄糖代谢、肠激素、肠道微生物群、短链脂肪酸（SCFA）和代谢物来评估 RS 的作用。摄入 RS 后，内脏和皮下脂肪面积显著减少。乙酸和早期胰岛素、C 肽和胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）的分泌增加，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和血尿素氮（BUN）水平在 RS 干预后降低。基于 16S rRNA 测序，RS 补充后某些肠道微生物显著减少，而 Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005 属的丰度增加。RS 干预的其他潜在特征包括 Akkermansia、Ruminococcus_2、Victivallis 和 Comamonas。此外，Streptococcus、Ruminococcus_torques_group、Eubacterium_hallii_group 和 Eubacterium_eligens_group 属的基线丰度与 RS 的激素和代谢作用显著相关。这些观察结果表明，每天摄入 40g RS 可有效调节体重正常受试者的体脂肪、SCFA、早期胰岛素和 GLP-1 分泌以及肠道微生物群。
