Martins Isabelle Christine Vieira da Silva, Souza Givago da Silva, Brasil Alódia, Herculano Anderson Manoel, Lacerda Eliza Maria da Costa Brito, Rodrigues Anderson Raiol, Rosa Alexandre Antonio Marques, Ventura Dora Fix, Castro Antonio José de Oliveira, Silveira Luiz Carlos de Lima
Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.
Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.
Front Neurosci. 2019 Mar 6;13:179. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00179. eCollection 2019.
Chronic alcohol abuse can lead to a brain damages, and the health status of alcoholics even after a long-term alcohol abstinence is a public health concern. The present study investigated the color vision and spatial luminance contrast sensitivity of a group of 17 ex-alcoholics (46.3 ± 6.7 years old) in long-term alcohol abstinence after having been previously under alcohol dependence for many years. We also investigated the association of impaired psychophysical performance in different tests we applied. The mean time of alcohol consumption was 16.9 ± 5.1 years and the mean abstinence period was 12.4 ± 8.5 years. Achromatic vision of all subjects was evaluated using spatial luminance contrast sensitivity function (CSF) test and color vision was evaluated using Mollon-Reffin color discrimination test (MR) and the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue arrangement test (FM100). Relative to controls, the spatial luminance contrast sensitivity was lower in 10/17 of the ex-alcoholic subjects. In the color vision tests, 11/16 ex-alcoholic subjects had impaired results compared to controls in the FM100 test and 13/14 subjects had color vision deficits measured in the MR test. Fourteen subjects performed all visual tests, three subjects had impaired results for all tests, seven subjects had impaired results in two tests, three subjects had visual deficit in one test, and one had normal results for all tests. The results showed the existence of functional deficits in achromatic and chromatic vision of subjects with history of chronic alcoholism after long abstinence. Most subjects had altered result in more than one test, especially in the color vision tests. The present investigation suggests that the damage in visual functions produced by abusive alcohol consumption is not reversed after long term alcohol abstinence.
长期酗酒会导致脑损伤，即使长期戒酒，酗酒者的健康状况仍是公共卫生关注的问题。本研究调查了一组17名曾多年酒精依赖、现已长期戒酒的戒酒者（46.3±6.7岁）的色觉和空间亮度对比敏感度。我们还研究了在我们应用的不同测试中，心理物理性能受损之间的关联。平均饮酒时间为16.9±5.1年，平均戒酒期为12.4±8.5年。使用空间亮度对比敏感度函数（CSF）测试评估所有受试者的无色觉，使用莫伦-雷芬颜色辨别测试（MR）和法恩斯沃思-芒塞尔100色调排列测试（FM100）评估色觉。与对照组相比，10/17的戒酒者受试者的空间亮度对比敏感度较低。在色觉测试中，与对照组相比，11/16的戒酒者受试者在FM100测试中的结果受损，13/14的受试者在MR测试中有色觉缺陷。14名受试者完成了所有视觉测试，3名受试者所有测试结果受损，7名受试者两项测试结果受损，3名受试者一项测试有视觉缺陷，1名受试者所有测试结果正常。结果显示，长期戒酒的慢性酒精中毒史受试者在无色觉和色觉方面存在功能缺陷。大多数受试者在不止一项测试中结果异常，尤其是在色觉测试中。本研究表明，长期酗酒对视觉功能造成的损害在长期戒酒之后并未逆转。
