Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Sports Biomech. 2021 Sep;20(6):665-679. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2019.1579365. Epub 2019 Mar 21.
The objective of this study was to investigate how the inclusion of a cushioning underlay in a third-generation artificial turf (3G) affects player biomechanics during soccer-specific tasks. Twelve soccer players (9 males/3 females; 22.6 ± 2.3 y) participated in this study. Mechanical impact testing of each 3G surface; without (3G-NCU) and with cushioning underlay (3G-CU) were conducted. Impact force characteristics, joint kinematics and joint kinetics variables were calculated on each surface condition during a sprint 90° cut (90CUT), a sprint 180° cut (180CUT), a drop jump (DROP) and a sprint with quick deceleration (STOP). For all tasks, greater peak resultant force, peak knee extensor moment and peak ankle dorsi-flexion moment were found in 3G-NCU than 3G-CU (p < 0.05). During 90CUT and STOP, loading rates were higher in 3G-NCU than 3G-CU (p < 0.05). During 180CUT, higher hip, knee and ankle ranges of motion were found in 3G-NCU (p < 0.05). These findings showed that the inclusion of cushioning underlay in 3G reduces impact loading forces and lower limb joint loading in soccer players across game-specific tasks. Overall, players were not attempting to reduce higher lower limb impact loading associated with a lack of surface cushioning underlay.
本研究旨在探讨在第三代人工草皮（3G）中加入缓冲垫对足球专项任务中球员生物力学的影响。12 名足球运动员（9 男/3 女；22.6 ± 2.3 岁）参与了这项研究。对每种 3G 表面进行机械冲击测试；无缓冲垫（3G-NCU）和有缓冲垫（3G-CU）。在每个表面条件下计算冲刺 90°变向（90CUT）、冲刺 180°变向（180CUT）、跳落（DROP）和冲刺急停（STOP）时的冲击力特性、关节运动学和关节动力学变量。对于所有任务，3G-NCU 的峰值总力、峰值膝关节伸肌力矩和峰值踝关节背屈力矩均大于 3G-CU（p<0.05）。在 90CUT 和 STOP 期间，3G-NCU 的加载率高于 3G-CU（p<0.05）。在 180CUT 期间，3G-NCU 的髋关节、膝关节和踝关节活动范围更大（p<0.05）。这些发现表明，在 3G 中加入缓冲垫可以降低足球运动员在特定比赛任务中的冲击载荷力和下肢关节载荷。总体而言，运动员并没有试图降低与缺乏表面缓冲垫相关的下肢更高的冲击载荷。
