Lin Junlei, Dos'Santos Thomas, Li Wei, Wang Xu, Turner Anthony
School of Strength and Conditioning Training, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Force-Velocity Laboratory, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2025 Aug;25(8):e70014. doi: 10.1002/ejsc.70014.
This study aimed to examine the biomechanical determinants of horizontal deceleration and their correlations with noncontact ACL injury surrogates (e.g., knee joint moments). Thirty-two male team-sport players (Age: 21.85 ± 0.33 years; Height: 1.80 ± 0.11 m; Mass: 71.28 ± 1.39 kg) performed horizontal deceleration following 15 m sprints. Lower limb kinetics and kinematics of the first braking step were collected using 3D motion and force plates, and deceleration was assessed using radar gun. The Pearson correlation was used to determine correlations between selected variables and p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Greater peak and mean horizontal deceleration were significantly correlated (p ≤ 0.05) with greater mean horizontal braking GRF (r = 0.52 and 0.41) and greater mean horizontal braking GRF ratio (r = 0.43 and 0.48). Greater knee joint loading (knee flexion moment, knee abduction moment, and knee internal rotation moment) were significantly correlated (p ≤ 0.05) with greater peak and mean vertical braking GRF (r = 0.30-0.41) and greater peak resultant braking GRF (r = 0.33-0.48). There were nonsignificant correlations between mean and peak deceleration and knee joint loading variables (p > 0.05). Therefore, deceleration strategies that emphasize greater horizontal and posteriorly orientated forces during the first contact of deceleration appear effective for facilitating more effective deceleration, without concomitant increases in the loading of noncontact ACL injury surrogates.
本研究旨在探讨水平减速的生物力学决定因素及其与非接触性前交叉韧带损伤替代指标（如膝关节力矩）的相关性。32名男性团队运动运动员（年龄：21.85±0.33岁；身高：1.80±0.11米；体重：71.28±1.39千克）在进行15米冲刺后进行水平减速。使用3D运动和测力板收集第一步制动时的下肢动力学和运动学数据，并使用雷达枪评估减速情况。采用Pearson相关性分析来确定所选变量之间的相关性，p≤0.05被认为具有统计学意义。更大的峰值和平均水平减速与更大的平均水平制动地面反作用力（r=0.52和0.41）以及更大的平均水平制动地面反作用力比值（r=0.43和0.48）显著相关（p≤0.05）。更大的膝关节负荷（膝关节屈曲力矩、膝关节外展力矩和膝关节内旋力矩）与更大的峰值和平均垂直制动地面反作用力（r=0.30 - 0.41）以及更大的峰值合成制动地面反作用力（r=0.33 - 0.48）显著相关（p≤0.05）。平均和峰值减速与膝关节负荷变量之间无显著相关性（p>0.05）。因此，在减速首次接触时强调更大水平和向后方向力的减速策略似乎对促进更有效的减速有效，同时不会伴随非接触性前交叉韧带损伤替代指标负荷的增加。
