Padulo Johnny, Iuliano Enzo, Brisola Gabriel, Iacono Antonio Dello, Zagatto Alessandro M, Lupo Corrado, Fuglsang Thomas, Ardigò Luca P, Cular Drazen
University eCampus, Novedrate, Italy.
Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Split, Croatia.
Biol Sport. 2019 Mar;36(1):75-80. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2019.79974. Epub 2018 Nov 5.
The aim of the investigation was to verify the validity and reliability of a low-end 50-Hz Global Navigation Satellite System receiver (GNSSr) for different soccer-specific run distances and average speed assessments. Six soccer players were assessed on two different days while performing eight different running paths with changes of direction for a final total of 44 runs. During the runs, each participant was equipped with the GNSSr, while the time for each single run was recorded using a photocell gate. Reference vs. receiver assessment correspondences for distance and average speed were evaluated by calculating the standard error of the estimate (SEE), coefficient of variation (CV), and mean bias. Residual vs. predicted value comparison was performed by means of Bland-Altman plots. Finally, calculating the intra-class correlations coefficient (ICC) assessed the test-retest reliability of the measurement. Receiver distance assessment showed an SEE of 0.52 m (0.73%), and mean bias of 0.06 m. Receiver average speed assessment showed an SEE of 0.02 m·s (0.74%) and mean bias of 0.001 m·s. The Bland-Altman plot showed a small difference between the two assessments with the 95% limits of agreement=±1.08 m/0.046 m·s. Receiver distance/speed assessment was found to be reliable, with ICC=0.999. In spite of its low cost, the new low-end GNSSr provides valid and reliable assessments of distance and average speed for young adults performing several standardized running actions of differing lengths within delimited setup spaces.
本研究的目的是验证一款低端50赫兹全球导航卫星系统接收器（GNSSr）在评估不同足球特定跑步距离和平均速度时的有效性和可靠性。六名足球运动员在两天内接受评估，期间他们要完成八条不同的带有方向变化的跑步路线，最终总共进行44次跑步。跑步过程中，每位参与者都配备了GNSSr，同时使用光电门记录每次跑步的时间。通过计算估计标准误差（SEE）、变异系数（CV）和平均偏差，评估参考评估与接收器评估在距离和平均速度方面的对应关系。通过布兰德-奥特曼图进行残差与预测值的比较。最后，计算组内相关系数（ICC）来评估测量的重测可靠性。接收器距离评估的SEE为0.52米（0.73%），平均偏差为0.06米。接收器平均速度评估的SEE为0.02米·秒（0.74%），平均偏差为0.001米·秒。布兰德-奥特曼图显示两次评估之间的差异较小，95%一致性界限为±1.08米/0.046米·秒。发现接收器距离/速度评估是可靠的，ICC = 0.999。尽管成本较低，但这款新型低端GNSSr能够为在限定设置空间内进行多种不同长度标准化跑步动作的年轻人提供有效且可靠的距离和平均速度评估。
