Gava Giulia, Meriggiola Maria Cristina
Gynecology and Physiopathology of Human Reproduction, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Gynecology and Physiopathology of Human Reproduction, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Via Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Mar 14;10:2042018819834846. doi: 10.1177/2042018819834846. eCollection 2019.
Despite increases in female contraceptive options, 40-45% of pregnancies across the world are still unplanned. While several effective female contraceptive methods have been developed, contraceptive choices for men are still limited to the male condom with its high failure rates and to vasectomies, which are invasive and not reliably reversible. Several studies have demonstrated a great interest among men and women for effective, reversible, and safe male contraceptive methods. Over the years, numerous studies have been performed to develop male hormonal and nonhormonal safe and effective contraceptives. A variety of new molecules are under development as oral or transdermal hormonal contraceptives for men demonstrating few side effects. In our overpopulated world, the development and commercialization of a male contraceptive method that will allow both men and women to take an active role in family planning is mandatory and further research on this topic is required.
尽管女性避孕选择有所增加，但全球仍有40%-45%的怀孕是意外怀孕。虽然已经开发出几种有效的女性避孕方法，但男性的避孕选择仍然仅限于失败率高的男用避孕套和输精管切除术，后者具有侵入性且不能可靠地逆转。多项研究表明，男性和女性都对有效、可逆且安全的男性避孕方法非常感兴趣。多年来，已经进行了大量研究以开发男性激素和非激素安全有效的避孕药。作为男性口服或经皮激素避孕药，有多种新分子正在研发中，且副作用较少。在我们这个人口过剩的世界里，开发一种能让男性和女性都在计划生育中发挥积极作用的男性避孕方法并将其商业化是必不可少的，因此需要对这一主题进行进一步研究。
