State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
PLoS One. 2019 Mar 22;14(3):e0214074. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214074. eCollection 2019.
Basketball players sometimes claim to know when their shot is good, even before it goes in. This is likely because shooter proprioception can help determine shot outcome, even before their eyes confirm it. This phenomenon, however, has not been systematically explored for collegiate and recreational shooters. This study compared how well collegiate shooters and recreational shooters could predict outcomes of their own free throws without seeing the shot result. Forty collegiate and recreational shooters shot standard free throws while wearing liquid-crystal occlusion glasses that activated to occlude vision immediately following ball release during each shot. After each shot, shooters verbally predicted shot outcome as "in" or "out", and predicted results were compared with actual outcomes. As anticipated, for made shots, collegiate shooters more accurately predicted their own shots than recreational shooters. However, unexpectedly, for missed shots, collegiate shooters were worse than recreational shooters and were even significantly worse than chance. Further analysis found that collegiate shooters exhibited a significantly higher bias toward predicting their shots as "in". Understanding how shooters of different skill levels perceive their own shot could inform future training strategies for improving shooter accuracy.
篮球运动员有时声称能够在投篮之前就知道自己的投篮是否命中，这可能是因为射手本体感受可以帮助他们在眼睛确认之前确定投篮结果。然而，这种现象并没有在大学生和休闲射手群体中得到系统的研究。本研究比较了大学生射手和休闲射手在不观看投篮结果的情况下，预测自己罚球结果的能力。40 名大学生和休闲射手在进行标准罚球时，会戴上液晶眼罩，在每次投篮的球离手后立即遮挡视线。在每次投篮后，射手会口头预测投篮结果是“进”还是“出”，并将预测结果与实际结果进行比较。正如预期的那样，对于命中的投篮，大学生射手比休闲射手更准确地预测了自己的投篮。然而，出乎意料的是，对于未命中的投篮，大学生射手比休闲射手差，甚至比随机结果还差。进一步的分析发现，大学生射手在预测自己的投篮时存在明显更高的“进”的偏向。了解不同技能水平的射手如何感知自己的投篮，可以为提高射手准确性的未来训练策略提供信息。
