Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621000, China.
Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
Nat Commun. 2019 Mar 22;10(1):1339. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-09347-y.
Over the past century, the search for lead-free, environmentally friendly initiating substances has been a highly challenging task in the field of energetic materials. Here, an organic primary explosive featuring a fused-ring structure, 6-nitro-7-azido-pyrazol[3,4-d][1,2,3]triazine-2-oxide, was designed and synthesized through a facile two-step reaction from commercially available reagents. This organic initiating substance meets nearly all of the stringent criteria of environmentally friendly primary explosives for commercial applications: it is free of toxic metals and perchlorate, has a high density, high priming ability, unusual sensitivities towards non-explosive stimuli, excellent environmental resistance, decent thermal stability, high detonation performance, satisfactory flowability and pressure durability, and is low-cost and easy to scale-up. These combined properties and performance measures surpass the current and widely used organic primary explosive, DDNP. The fused-ring organic primary explosive reported herein may find real-world application as an initiating explosive device in the near future.
在过去的一个世纪中，寻找无铅、环保的引发剂一直是高能材料领域极具挑战性的任务。在这里，通过从商业上可获得的试剂进行简便的两步反应，设计和合成了具有稠环结构的有机一级炸药，即 6-硝基-7-叠氮基吡唑并[3,4-d][1,2,3]三嗪-2-氧化物。这种有机引发剂几乎满足了商业应用的环保型一级炸药的所有严格标准：它不含有毒金属和高氯酸盐，具有高密度、高起爆能力、对非爆炸刺激的异常敏感性、出色的环境抗性、良好的热稳定性、高爆轰性能、令人满意的流动性和耐压性，且成本低、易于规模化生产。这些综合性能和性能指标超过了当前广泛使用的有机一级炸药 DDNP。本文报道的稠环有机一级炸药在不久的将来可能会作为一种引发爆炸装置在实际中得到应用。
