Nahum-Shani Inbal, Bamberger Peter
Hum Relat. 2019 Apr;72(4):675-705. doi: 10.1177/0018726718772883. Epub 2018 May 30.
While it is well established that workplace demands and culture can affect employee well-being, to what degree might these same factors have lingering implications on individual wellbeing after employees retire? To begin to answer this question, in this paper we propose and test a model explaining how retiree alcohol consumption may depend on pre-retirement contextual conditions. Specifically, we propose and test a moderated-mediation model in which two ambient work unit characteristics-work-unit stress climate and work-unit drinking norms-moderate the indirect effects of retirement, via distress, on modal alcohol consumption (i.e., the typical quantity and frequency of alcohol consumed). Using a prospective study design and a multi-level, zero-inflated negative binomial model for predicting modal alcohol consumption, our findings lend partial support for the proposed model. We found retirement (vs. continued employment) to be associated with a heightened probability of being an abstainer after retirement eligibility (i.e., at Time 2), regardless of the hypothesized unit-level moderators. Still, retirement had mixed effects on the level of modal consumption among those not abstaining at Time 2, with these effects being partially mediated by distress and contingent upon unit-level stress climate and unit-level drinking norms.
虽然职场需求和文化会影响员工福祉这一点已得到充分证实，但这些相同因素在员工退休后对个人福祉的潜在影响程度如何呢？为了开始回答这个问题，在本文中我们提出并检验一个模型，该模型解释退休人员的酒精消费可能如何取决于退休前的背景条件。具体而言，我们提出并检验一个有调节的中介模型，其中两个工作单位环境特征——工作单位压力氛围和工作单位饮酒规范——调节退休通过苦恼对典型酒精消费量（即饮酒的典型数量和频率）的间接影响。使用前瞻性研究设计和用于预测典型酒精消费量的多层次零膨胀负二项模型，我们的研究结果为所提出的模型提供了部分支持。我们发现，退休（与继续工作相比）与退休资格后（即时间2）成为戒酒者的概率增加相关，无论假设的单位层面调节因素如何。不过，退休对在时间2不戒酒者的典型消费水平有混合影响，这些影响部分由苦恼介导，并取决于单位层面的压力氛围和单位层面的饮酒规范。
