O'Flynn Sinéad Kelly
Clinical Research Nurse, Cork, Ireland.
Br J Nurs. 2019 Mar 14;28(5):S6-S12. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2019.28.5.S6.
The majority of ostomates experience peristomal complications, the most common of which is skin damage. Healthy peristomal skin is essential for pouch adherence, which prevents effluent from seeping onto the skin. The aim of good stoma management is to prevent peristomal skin soreness and, if this arises, to minimise its effects. Practitioners need to have a good understanding of the causes of skin breakdown and how to treat and prevent it. Appliances and accessories need to be assessed to ensure they are appropriate for each individual stoma to prevent leakage of effluent and maintain healthy peristomal skin. Several strategies and products can be used to protect and treat the skin, including barrier creams and films, powders, pastes, seals, cleansers, lotions and stoma accessories. Misuse of products can affect patient care and clinical outcomes, and increase costs. Good-quality stoma care patient education improves outcomes, is part of good-quality care and boosts efficiency in nursing services. This article focuses on good skin care regimens, preventing skin damage, particularly peristomal damage, assessing and treating specific peristomal skin conditions, and patient education.
大多数造口患者会经历造口周围并发症，其中最常见的是皮肤损伤。健康的造口周围皮肤对于造口袋的粘贴至关重要，可防止排泄物渗漏到皮肤上。良好的造口管理旨在预防造口周围皮肤疼痛，一旦出现疼痛，则尽量减轻其影响。从业者需要深入了解皮肤破损的原因以及如何治疗和预防。需要评估器械和配件，以确保它们适合每个个体造口，防止排泄物泄漏并保持造口周围皮肤健康。可以使用多种策略和产品来保护和治疗皮肤，包括屏障乳膏和薄膜、粉剂、糊剂、密封剂、清洁剂、洗剂和造口配件。产品使用不当会影响患者护理和临床结果，并增加成本。高质量的造口护理患者教育可改善结果，是优质护理的一部分，并提高护理服务效率。本文重点关注良好的皮肤护理方案、预防皮肤损伤，特别是造口周围损伤、评估和治疗特定的造口周围皮肤状况以及患者教育。
