Independent Researcher, Poland; Faculty of Health Promotion, Kraków Higher School of Health Promotion, Krowoderska 73, 31-158 Kraków, Poland.
Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2019 May;53:144-149. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.03.001. Epub 2019 Mar 7.
Prescription food for special medical purposes (FSMPs) and modified milk products (MMPs), available in pharmacies, are important for newborns and infants that are not breastfed. In the scientific literature there is a lack of comprehensive studies and corresponding safety assessment of the essential trace elements in these products.
The aim of this article was determination of Cu, Mn and Zn levels in the most frequently available prescription FSMPs (n = 6) and MMPs (n = 6) available in Polish pharmacies.
Flame absorption spectrometry (FAAS) following microwave induced digestion (concentrated nitric acid) was applied to determine the levels of the elements in the products.
Our studies are based on a triple approach (1) the "raw results" of Cu, Mn and Zn levels (products in powdered form), (2) single intake - the level of each essential trace element consumed in one portion, (3) the daily intake depending on age and weight including comparison with Adequate Intake established by European Food Safety Authority.
The results show the occurrence of differences between the manufacturer's declared composition and the finished product for consumption. The prescription FSMPs in comparison to MMPs available in Polish pharmacies contain similar levels of Cu, Mn and Zn. Our results show additionally that all of the products do not represent a health hazard to the newborns and infants. This is a pioneer study in terms of the safety assessment, and quality of prescription FSMPs and MMPs available in Polish pharmacies from toxicological and nutritional point of view.
特殊医疗用途配方食品（FSMP）和调制乳制品（MMP）可在药房购买，对于未母乳喂养的新生儿和婴儿非常重要。然而，在科学文献中，这些产品中的必需微量元素缺乏全面的研究和相应的安全性评估。
本文旨在测定波兰药房内最常见的处方 FSMP（n=6）和 MMP（n=6）中 Cu、Mn 和 Zn 的水平。
采用微波诱导消解（浓硝酸）火焰吸收光谱法（FAAS）测定产品中元素的水平。
我们的研究基于三重方法：（1）“原始结果”Cu、Mn 和 Zn 水平（粉状产品），（2）单一摄入量-每份消耗的每种必需微量元素的水平，（3）根据年龄和体重的日摄入量，包括与欧洲食品安全局确定的适宜摄入量进行比较。
研究结果表明，制造商声明的成分与供消费的成品之间存在差异。与波兰药房内可获得的 MMP 相比，处方 FSMP 含有相似水平的 Cu、Mn 和 Zn。我们的结果还表明，所有产品均不会对新生儿和婴儿造成健康危害。这是从毒理学和营养学角度评估波兰药房内处方 FSMP 和 MMP 的安全性和质量的开创性研究。
