Independent Researcher, Poland; Faculty of Health Promotion, Kraków Higher School of Health Promotion, Krowoderska 73, 31-158 Kraków, Poland.
Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2019 Jan;51:73-78. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.10.007. Epub 2018 Oct 5.
There is currently a lack of risk assessments around Pb and Cd in prescription food for special medical purposes (FSMPs) and modified milk products available in from pharmacies in Poland. This article describes and evaluates a toxicological analysis of lead and cadmium in prescription FSMPs (n = 6) and modified milk products (n = 6) available in Polish pharmacies. The metals were determined using electrothermal atomisation atomic absorption spectrometry. To make the appropriate risk assessment, we considered (1) the levels of lead and cadmium in a powdered product, (2) the amount of the metals consumed in one portion (single exposure), (3) the daily dose depending on age (months) and body weight and (4) the weekly intake of Pb and Cd in samples in comparison to provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI). The results demonstrated that the samples analysed do not represent a health hazard to newborns and infants. This study is important because of the concerns around the complex risk assessment of prescription FSMP's and modified milk products available in Polish pharmacies related to lead and cadmium.
目前，波兰药店提供的特殊医用配方食品（FSMP）和改性乳制品中，关于 Pb 和 Cd 的风险评估还存在空白。本文描述并评估了波兰药店提供的处方 FSMP（n=6）和改性牛奶产品（n=6）中 Pb 和 Cd 的毒理学分析。这些金属采用电热原子吸收光谱法进行测定。为了进行适当的风险评估，我们考虑了（1）粉末产品中 Pb 和 Cd 的含量，（2）一份（单次暴露）中金属的摄入量，（3）根据年龄（月）和体重计算的日剂量，以及（4）与暂定每周耐受摄入量（PTWI）相比，样本中 Pb 和 Cd 的每周摄入量。结果表明，所分析的样本对新生儿和婴儿没有健康危害。这项研究很重要，因为它涉及到对波兰药店提供的处方 FSMP 和改性牛奶产品中 Pb 和 Cd 的复杂风险评估。
