Shek Daniel T L, Zhu Xiaoqin, Dou Diya
Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2019 Mar 12;10:113. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00113. eCollection 2019.
The present study investigated how the quality of the parent-child subsystem (indexed by behavioral control, psychological control, and parent-child relationship) predicted Internet addiction (IA) levels and change rates among senior high school students. It also examined the concurrent and longitudinal influence of the father- and mother-related factors on adolescent IA. At the beginning of the 2009/2010 school year, we randomly selected 28 high schools in Hong Kong and invited Grade 7 students to complete a questionnaire annually across the high school years. The present study used data collected in the senior high school years (Wave 4-6), which included a matched sample of 3,074 students (aged 15.57 ± 0.74 years at Wave 4). Growth curve modeling analyses revealed a slight decreasing trend in adolescent IA in senior high school years. While higher paternal behavioral control predicted children's lower initial level of and a slower drop in IA, maternal behavioral control was not a significant predictor of these measures. In contrast, higher maternal but not paternal psychological control showed a significant relationship with a higher initial level of and a faster drop in adolescent IA. Finally, better father-child and mother-child relationships predicted a lower initial level of IA among adolescents. However, while a poorer mother-child relationship predicted a faster decline in adolescent IA, father-child relationship quality did not. With the inclusion of all parent-child subsystem factors in the regression analyses, paternal behavioral control and maternal psychological control were identified as the two unique concurrent and longitudinal predictors of adolescent IA. The present findings delineate the essential role of parental control and the parent-child relationship in shaping children's IA across senior high school years, which is inadequately covered in the scientific literature. The study also clarifies the relative contribution of different processes related to the father-child and mother-child subsystems. These findings highlight the need to differentiate the following: (a) levels of and rates of change in adolescent IA, (b) different family processes in the parent-child subsystem, and (c) father- and mother-related factors' contribution to adolescent IA.
本研究调查了亲子子系统的质量（以行为控制、心理控制和亲子关系为指标）如何预测高中生的网络成瘾（IA）水平及变化率。研究还考察了与父亲和母亲相关的因素对青少年网络成瘾的同步和纵向影响。在2009/2010学年开始时，我们在香港随机选取了28所高中，并邀请七年级学生在整个高中阶段每年完成一份问卷。本研究使用了高中阶段（第4 - 6波）收集的数据，其中包括3074名学生的匹配样本（第4波时年龄为15.57±0.74岁）。生长曲线模型分析显示，高中阶段青少年网络成瘾呈轻微下降趋势。虽然父亲较高的行为控制预示着孩子较低的网络成瘾初始水平和较慢的下降速度，但母亲的行为控制并非这些指标的显著预测因素。相反，母亲较高而非父亲的心理控制与青少年网络成瘾的较高初始水平和较快下降速度呈显著关系。最后，较好的父子关系和母子关系预示着青少年较低的网络成瘾初始水平。然而，虽然较差的母子关系预示着青少年网络成瘾下降更快，但父子关系质量并非如此。在回归分析中纳入所有亲子子系统因素后，父亲的行为控制和母亲的心理控制被确定为青少年网络成瘾仅有的两个同步和纵向预测因素。本研究结果阐明了父母控制和亲子关系在整个高中阶段塑造孩子网络成瘾方面的重要作用，而这在科学文献中未得到充分探讨。该研究还明确了与父子和母子子系统相关的不同过程的相对贡献。这些发现凸显了区分以下几点的必要性：（a）青少年网络成瘾的水平和变化率；（b）亲子子系统中不同的家庭过程；（c）与父亲和母亲相关的因素对青少年网络成瘾的贡献。
