Pridmore Saxby, Money Tammie T, Pridmore William
Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
Post-Graduate Student, Australian National University Medical School, Garran, ACT, Australia.
Malays J Med Sci. 2018 Mar;25(2):15-19. doi: 10.21315/mjms2018.25.2.2. Epub 2018 Apr 27.
The predominant, current western view is that all suicide is the result of mental disorder. This view is much too narrow and does not admit extensive information regarding the social, economic, and forensic factors (among many others) which may contribute to completed suicide. A consequence of this narrow view is that prevention strategies mainly focus on the detection and treatment of mental disorder. A preferred approach is to place greater emphasis on public health approaches to suicide prevention.
To develop and suggest a body of information which may be useful in a public health approach to suicide.
It is suggested that the following be available to the general public: i) suicide is a fact of life which should be minimised, ii) suicide has many different triggers, iii) most people who take their lives are able to make decisions, and iv) increased public discussion and understanding of suicide is desirable. Five pieces of information that may be useful to those contemplating suicide include: i) don't murder the part of you that wants to live, ii) suicide actions may leave you alive but disabled, iii) suicide hurts other people, iv) suicidal impulses do pass if you hold on, and v) suicide is a waste.
当前西方主流观点认为，所有自杀行为都是精神障碍所致。这一观点过于狭隘，未能涵盖可能导致自杀既遂的社会、经济和法医因素（以及许多其他因素）等广泛信息。这种狭隘观点的一个后果是，预防策略主要集中在精神障碍的检测和治疗上。一种更可取的方法是更加重视自杀预防的公共卫生方法。
制定并提出一系列信息，这些信息可能有助于采用公共卫生方法预防自杀。
建议向公众提供以下信息：i）自杀是生活中的一个现实，应尽量减少；ii）自杀有许多不同的诱因；iii）大多数自杀者都有能力做出决定；iv）增加公众对自杀的讨论和理解是可取的。对那些有自杀念头的人可能有用的五条信息包括：i）不要扼杀你内心想要活下去的部分；ii）自杀行为可能让你存活但残疾；iii）自杀会伤害他人；iv）如果你坚持下去，自杀冲动会过去；v）自杀是一种浪费。
