Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1160:73-80. doi: 10.1007/5584_2019_347.
Aspergillus is one of the most prevalent airborne fungal pathogens in the developed countries that may cause fatal invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients. The epidemiological information on aspergillosis in Poland is scarce. This retrospective, population-based study evaluated the incidence of pulmonary and other forms of aspergillosis, and also gender distribution and territorial differences in the occurrence of aspergillosis in hospitalized patients in Poland during 2009-2016. The incidence of aspergillosis was estimated on the basis of a dataset provided by hospital morbidity study carried out by the National Institute of Public Health. The data consisted of 4206 hospitalization records of 2338 patients, with some patients being hospitalized more than one time due to disease remissions. Significant gender differences were observed (1484 females vs. 2722 males, p < 0.001). No statistical differences were found for the place of residence. The average annual incidence rates for all forms of aspergillosis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and other pulmonary aspergillosis were 13.8 per million (95% CI: 11.3-16.3), 4.0 per million (95% CI: 3.0-5.0), and 4.4 (CI: 3.5-5.2) per million, respectively. Over time, a significant increase in the rate of hospitalization were observed for all forms of aspergillosis (10.7 per million in 2009 vs. 15.7 per million in 2016, p for trend <0.005), invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (2.3 per million in 2009 vs. 5.0 per million in 2016, p for trend <0.001), and other pulmonary aspergillosis (3.6 per million in 2009 vs. 4.9 per million in 2016, P for trend <0.02). During the period analyzed 283 patients (12.0%) died while hospitalized and 224 of them (9.6% of all patients) died during the first-time hospitalization. We conclude that the incidence of aspergillosis is on the rise in hospitalized patients in Poland.
曲霉菌是发达国家最常见的空气传播真菌病原体之一，可能会导致免疫功能低下的患者发生致命性侵袭性肺曲霉病。波兰的曲霉病流行病学信息有限。本回顾性、基于人群的研究评估了 2009 年至 2016 年期间波兰住院患者中肺部和其他形式曲霉病的发病率，以及两性分布和发病的地域差异。曲霉病的发病率是根据国家公共卫生研究所进行的医院发病率研究提供的数据集估计的。该数据包括 2338 名患者的 4206 例住院记录，有些患者因疾病缓解而多次住院。观察到显著的性别差异（1484 名女性与 2722 名男性，p<0.001）。居住地无统计学差异。所有形式的曲霉病、侵袭性肺曲霉病和其他肺部曲霉病的年平均发病率分别为 13.8/百万人（95%CI：11.3-16.3）、4.0/百万人（95%CI：3.0-5.0）和 4.4（CI：3.5-5.2）/百万人。随着时间的推移，所有形式的曲霉病的住院率均显著增加（2009 年为 10.7/百万人，2016 年为 15.7/百万人，趋势 p<0.005）、侵袭性肺曲霉病（2009 年为 2.3/百万人，2016 年为 5.0/百万人，趋势 p<0.001）和其他肺部曲霉病（2009 年为 3.6/百万人，2016 年为 4.9/百万人，趋势 p<0.02）。在分析期间，283 名患者（12.0%）在住院期间死亡，其中 224 名（所有患者的 9.6%）在首次住院期间死亡。我们得出结论，波兰住院患者的曲霉病发病率正在上升。
