Nikbakht Hossein-Ali, Shokri-Shirvani Javad, Ashrafian-Amiri Hassan, Ghaem Haleh, Jafarnia Ali, Alijanpour Sedigheh, Mirzad Seyed-Mostaffa, Hassanipour Soheil
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Gastroenterology Department. Rohani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
J Gastrointest Cancer. 2020 Mar;51(1):165-171. doi: 10.1007/s12029-019-00226-9.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths. This screening aimed to determine the positivity of the fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and the results of colonoscopy among a medium-risk population in the northern regions of Iran.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 on 924 eligible samples from people over the age of 50. After completing the questionnaire, participants were referred to a laboratory for three immunochemical fecal occult blood tests (IFOBTs). If the result of at least one test was found to be positive, they were submitted to the state hospital for colonoscopy. Results were recorded according to the number of people with CRC, polyps, and other diseases.
Among a total number of 897 (97.1%) cases, at least two acceptable samples were sent to the laboratory and in 229 (25.5%) cases, at least one case was IFOBT-positive. Finally, 118 (64.1%) cases were referred to the hospital for colonoscopy; among these, 5 colonoscopies were incomplete, while 113 had complete colonoscopies with 42 healthy subjects, 3 cases of cancer, 28 cases of polyps, and other diseases identified in the remaining patients.
Based on the results, the prevalence of positive IFOBT, polyps, and cancer was high. The results of this study will play an important role in establishing a CRC screening program in the country. With reference to the status of the general population, the target group in the country should be reviewed and not limited to the first-degree relatives of patients.
结直肠癌（CRC）是癌症死亡的第二大主要原因。本筛查旨在确定伊朗北部中等风险人群中粪便潜血试验（FOBT）的阳性率以及结肠镜检查结果。
这项横断面研究于2016年对924名50岁以上符合条件的样本进行。完成问卷后，参与者被转至实验室进行三项免疫化学粪便潜血试验（IFOBT）。如果至少一项试验结果呈阳性，则将他们送至国立医院进行结肠镜检查。根据患有CRC、息肉和其他疾病的人数记录结果。
在总共897例（97.1%）病例中，至少两份可接受的样本被送至实验室，229例（25.5%）病例中至少有一例IFOBT呈阳性。最后，118例（64.1%）病例被转至医院进行结肠镜检查；其中，5例结肠镜检查不完整，而113例进行了完整的结肠镜检查，42例为健康受试者，3例为癌症患者，28例为息肉患者，其余患者被诊断出患有其他疾病。
根据结果，IFOBT阳性、息肉和癌症的患病率较高。本研究结果将在该国建立CRC筛查计划中发挥重要作用。参照普通人群的状况，该国的目标群体应重新审视，不应仅限于患者的一级亲属。
