Chavda Vishal, Patel Snehal
Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmadabad 382481, Gujarat, India.
Recent Pat Antiinfect Drug Discov. 2019;14(1):49-68. doi: 10.2174/1574891X14666190327114641.
Lyme's Disease (LD) is a severe, rapidly growing, broad spectrum chronic infection caused by the bacterium 'Borrelia (B.) burgdorferi', which can be easily transmitted through the bite of certain species of ticks. The prevalence of LD is swiftly mounting in the present scenario in many countries from species to species. Although Lyme's infection is now detectable via serologic examination of early and late Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB), the management of persistent symptoms is still fraught with quora of doubt and debate. LD is a multisystem spirochete which results after the dissemination of B. burgdorferi from a dermal inoculation site after a tick bite. Lyme's infection can easily get transmitted to the central nervous system and develop various neurological symptoms due to inflammation and an autoimmune response from body may lead to life-threatening "Lyme Borreliosis". The neurological symptoms are well mixed in presentation, late and confusing to get differentiated easily from other diseases. The use of antibiotics in post Lyme infection with neurological complications is still a topic of debate. Babesiosisstates, and human ehrlichiosis' the two other diseases, are associated with the same ticks that spread the LD. However, the prevalence of diagnosed human cases is usually much lower than that of actual cases of LD due to misdiagnosis, late diagnosis or undiagnosis at y such lateral neuroinfection stage after the tick bite. The current review focuses on the molecular neuropathology and current advancements in LD. There are very few patents or discoveries made on borrelia infection, drawing attention towards more focused and targeted research for the cure.
莱姆病（LD）是一种由“伯氏疏螺旋体”细菌引起的严重、快速发展的广谱慢性感染，它可通过某些种类蜱虫的叮咬轻易传播。在当前情况下，许多国家莱姆病的患病率在物种间迅速上升。尽管现在可以通过对早期和晚期莱姆神经疏螺旋体病（LNB）进行血清学检查来检测莱姆感染，但对持续症状的治疗仍充满疑问和争议。莱姆病是一种多系统螺旋体病，它是在蜱虫叮咬后，伯氏疏螺旋体从皮肤接种部位扩散后产生的。莱姆感染很容易传播到中枢神经系统，并由于炎症和身体的自身免疫反应而出现各种神经症状，可能导致危及生命的“莱姆疏螺旋体病”。这些神经症状在表现上相互交织，出现较晚且难以与其他疾病区分开来。在莱姆感染后出现神经并发症时使用抗生素仍然是一个有争议的话题。巴贝斯虫病和人粒细胞无形体病这另外两种疾病，与传播莱姆病的是同一种蜱虫。然而，由于误诊、诊断延迟或在蜱虫叮咬后的晚期神经感染阶段未被诊断，已确诊的人类病例患病率通常远低于实际的莱姆病病例。当前的综述聚焦于莱姆病的分子神经病理学及当前进展。关于疏螺旋体感染的专利或发现很少，这促使人们更加关注有针对性的治愈研究。
