University of Delaware, 105 The Green, Newark, Delaware, 19716, USA.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2019 Sep;47(9):1495-1507. doi: 10.1007/s10802-019-00533-6.
The current study examined whether individual differences in reactive and proactive aggression: 1) relate to level of daily emotion, including happiness, sadness, anger, and fear, 2) predict across-day variability in these emotions, and 3) moderate reactivity of these emotions to positive and negative events. Participants were a racially/ethnically diverse sample of 144 adolescents (80 girls, 64 boys; M age = 13.55 years; SD = 1.34). Adolescents self-reported on reactive and proactive aggression in a home visit prior to the collection of daily data. Using daily dairy procedures, adolescents then reported on their daily emotions and positive/negative events over 12 consecutive days. Higher reactive aggression was associated with greater levels of daily anger, more variability in anger across days, and heightened angry reactivity to negative events. Additionally, higher reactive aggression predicted lower levels of daily happiness but greater happy reactivity to positive events. Finally, higher reactive aggression was linked to increased variability in daily fear. In contrast, proactive aggression was largely unrelated to adolescents' daily emotions, with the exception that higher proactive aggression predicted less variability in happiness across days. Results indicate that reactive aggression is characterized by significant emotionality at the daily level, and proactive aggression is characterized by lack of emotionality.
1）是否与日常情绪水平相关，包括快乐、悲伤、愤怒和恐惧；2）是否能预测这些情绪的跨日变化；3）是否能调节这些情绪对积极和消极事件的反应。参与者是一个种族/民族多样化的 144 名青少年样本（80 名女孩，64 名男孩；M 年龄=13.55 岁；SD=1.34）。在收集日常数据之前，青少年在家庭访问中自我报告了反应性和主动性攻击。然后，青少年使用日常日记程序，在 12 天内连续报告了他们的日常情绪和积极/消极事件。较高的反应性攻击与日常愤怒水平较高、愤怒在几天内的变化更大以及对消极事件的愤怒反应增强有关。此外，较高的反应性攻击预示着日常快乐水平较低，但对积极事件的快乐反应增强。最后，较高的反应性攻击与日常恐惧的变化增加有关。相比之下，主动性攻击与青少年的日常情绪关系不大，除了较高的主动性攻击预示着快乐在几天内的变化较小。结果表明，反应性攻击的特点是在日常水平上具有显著的情绪性，而主动性攻击的特点是缺乏情绪性。
