College of Staten Island, City University of New York, USA.
The Graduate Center, City University of New York, USA.
Autism. 2019 Nov;23(8):1993-2006. doi: 10.1177/1362361318823550. Epub 2019 Apr 3.
Although stigma negatively impacts autistic people globally, the degree of stigma varies across cultures. Prior research suggests that stigma may be higher in cultures with more collectivistic orientations. This study aimed to identify cultural values and other individual differences that contribute to cross-cultural differences in autism stigma (assessed with a social distance scale) between college students in Lebanon ( = 556) and those in the United States ( = 520). Replicating prior work, stigma was lower in women than men and in the United States relative to Lebanon. Heightened autism knowledge, quality of contact with autistic people, openness to experience, and reduced acceptance of inequality predicted lower stigma. Collectivism was associated with heightened stigma. Findings highlight the need to address structural inequalities, combat harmful misconceptions, and foster positive contact to combat stigma.
虽然污名化会对全球范围内的自闭症患者产生负面影响，但污名化的程度因文化而异。先前的研究表明，在更具集体主义取向的文化中，污名化可能更高。本研究旨在确定文化价值观和其他个体差异，这些因素可能导致黎巴嫩（ = 556）和美国（ = 520）大学生自闭症污名（通过社会距离量表评估）的跨文化差异。研究结果与先前的研究一致，即女性比男性的污名化程度更低，而在美国，自闭症患者的污名化程度相对较低。自闭症知识的提高、与自闭症患者的接触质量、对经验的开放性以及对不平等的接受程度的降低都预示着污名化程度的降低。集体主义与更高的污名化程度有关。研究结果强调需要解决结构性不平等问题，消除有害的误解，并促进积极的接触，以消除污名化。
