Alamoudi Lujain H, Almuteeri Rinad Z, Al-Otaibi Murooj E, Alshaer Dalia A, Fatani Samar K, Alghamdi Maha M, Safdar Osama Y
Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Pediatric Nephrology Center of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
J Nutr Metab. 2019 Mar 3;2019:4138187. doi: 10.1155/2019/4138187. eCollection 2019.
During the last decade, vitamin D status was a major concern in the health and biomedical fields. This study assessed the level of awareness and knowledge regarding vitamin D and investigated the factors associated with the level of awareness such as knowing general facts about vitamin D, sources, benefit, and consequences of its deficiency.
This cross-sectional study was conducted among the general population in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, above the age of 18 years who were in 3 malls during the period of August and September 2017. A self-administrated questionnaire in paper forms was utilized and was divided into two parts to collect data. It was designed by the authors after revising the previous studies and validated by three pediatric consultants. An ethical approval was obtained from the ethical committee in King Abdulaziz University. We did an initial sample and tested it with the Cronbach test. The questionnaire had 2 parts with 19 questions. The first part was demographic information, and the second part was general information about vitamin D. An ethical approval was obtained from the ethical committee in King Abdulaziz University. Each participant received explanations about the aim of the study, and a verbal consent was taken from participants. The scoring system was as follows: for each right answer, 1 score was given and for wrong answer, 0 score was given, and the overall score was 14. The collected data were statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics using IBM SPSS statistics for windows version 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL).
Out of 1022 participants, 472 (46.1%) were aged 18-28 years, 830 (82.1%) were of Saudi ethnicity, 702 (68.7%) had a university degree, 275 (26.9%) attended high school, more than half were married (55.6%), and 54.4% had children. The majority of the participants agreed that vitamin D is important in the maintenance of bone and tooth health (88.4%). It is important in the maintenance of calcium and phosphates (76.6%), and it strengthens immunity (69.4%). Of the total participants, 86.2% were aware that sunlight exposure encourages vitamin D production in the skin. The overall knowledge mean score was 5.9 ± 1.2 (39.3%).
This study highlighted a high level of inadequate knowledge of vitamin D deficiency among participants. There was a significant association between knowledge level and education level. The awareness of vitamin D deficiency is high regarding its benefits. The study revealed that participants who did not have children had the highest score for benefits. Nongovernment organizations and social workers may work together with government health-care organization to teach parents and children about the uses and benefits of vitamin D.
在过去十年中，维生素D状况一直是健康和生物医学领域的主要关注点。本研究评估了对维生素D的认知水平和知识掌握情况，并调查了与认知水平相关的因素，如了解维生素D的一般事实、来源、益处及其缺乏的后果。
本横断面研究于2017年8月至9月期间在沙特阿拉伯吉达市的3个购物中心对18岁以上的普通人群进行。采用纸质自填式问卷，分为两部分收集数据。该问卷由作者在修订先前研究后设计，并经三位儿科顾问验证。获得了阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学伦理委员会的伦理批准。我们进行了初始样本并使用克朗巴哈检验进行测试。问卷有两部分，共19个问题。第一部分是人口统计学信息，第二部分是关于维生素D的一般信息。获得了阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学伦理委员会的伦理批准。每位参与者都收到了关于研究目的的解释，并获得了参与者的口头同意。评分系统如下：每个正确答案得1分，错误答案得0分，总分14分。使用IBM SPSS statistics for windows version 20.0（SPSS Inc.，芝加哥，伊利诺伊州）对收集的数据进行描述性统计分析。
在1022名参与者中，472名（46.1%）年龄在18 - 28岁之间，830名（82.1%）为沙特族裔，702名（68.7%）拥有大学学位，275名（26.9%）上过高中，超过一半已婚（55.6%），54.4%有孩子。大多数参与者认为维生素D对维持骨骼和牙齿健康很重要（88.4%）。对维持钙和磷酸盐很重要（76.6%），并且能增强免疫力（69.4%）。在所有参与者中，86.2%的人知道阳光照射会促进皮肤中维生素D的产生。总体知识平均得分为5.9±1.2（39.3%）。
本研究突出了参与者中对维生素D缺乏知识了解不足的情况。知识水平与教育水平之间存在显著关联。对维生素D缺乏益处的认知较高。研究表明没有孩子的参与者在益处方面得分最高。非政府组织和社会工作者可以与政府医疗保健组织合作，向家长和儿童传授维生素D的用途和益处。
