Martínez-Alonso Iván Azael, Valdez-Flores Rafael Alberto, Padrón-Lucio Sanjuan, Campos Salcedo José Gadú, Gutierrez-Aceves Jorge, Cathelineau Xavier, Sánchez-Salas Rafael
Departamento de Urología. Hospital Central Militar. Ciudad de México. México.
Departamento de Urología. Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center. Wake Forest University. Winston-Salem. North Carolina. USA.
Arch Esp Urol. 2019 Apr;72(3):239-246.
Robot assisted Radical prostatectomy (RARP) has generated a new trend in the binomial teaching/learning, grouping these techniques in training modules such as theoretical learning, practice, personalized counseling, and modern tools like simulation and practice in virtual models. This review summarizes the current trend in the teaching process of RARP. RECENT FINDINGS: Current trends in the acquisition of the RARP learning curve is to provide the Urologist with a well-structured teaching process, implementing gradual training modules, which make possible to understand all aspects of the development of prostate surgery with a robotic system. This process consists in analyzing the theoretical aspects, perform training with high quality simulators and proctorization, in both cases in vivo and as assistant, until completion of the advanced phase in console with haptic training and proctor's direct advice, while the learning curve is being completed. The evidence shows that student and proctor feedback with the use of virtual models, immediately post-procedure video analysis, and a high-volume center are able to shorten the teaching process. The learning process never culminates, in other words, the final phase of the student, is when he is prepared to teaching the multiplier effect of his learning curve.
Virtual models in Robotic surgery has changed the perspective teaching process of medicine. Theoretical knowledge, virtual training and Proctor's advice are essential steps in the learning curve. Future directions,evolution of virtual models in a similar fashion to the real scenario.
机器人辅助根治性前列腺切除术（RARP）在二元教学/学习方面开创了新趋势，将这些技术整合到诸如理论学习、实践、个性化辅导等训练模块中，以及利用模拟和虚拟模型实践等现代工具。本综述总结了RARP教学过程的当前趋势。
RARP学习曲线获取的当前趋势是为泌尿外科医生提供一个结构良好的教学过程，实施渐进式训练模块，这使得借助机器人系统理解前列腺手术发展的各个方面成为可能。这个过程包括分析理论方面，使用高质量模拟器进行训练并接受指导，无论是在体内还是作为助手，直到在控制台完成高级阶段的触觉训练和指导教师的直接建议，同时完成学习曲线。证据表明，学生和指导教师利用虚拟模型、术后即时视频分析以及大容量中心的反馈能够缩短教学过程。学习过程永无止境，换句话说，学生的最后阶段是当他准备好传授其学习曲线的倍增效应时。
机器人手术中的虚拟模型改变了医学教学过程的视角。理论知识、虚拟训练和指导教师的建议是学习曲线中的关键步骤。未来方向是虚拟模型以类似于真实场景的方式发展。
