From the Department of Anesthesiology (N.L., N.A., C.K., Z.Z.) Department of Neurology (H.P.G.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia School of Medicine (R.S.) Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience Graduate Program (K.A.S.) Department of Pharmacology (M.P.B.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
Anesthesiology. 2019 Jun;130(6):981-994. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000002660.
Previous studies suggest that rapid eye movement sleep rebound and disruption of rapid eye movement sleep architecture occur during the first 24 h after general anesthesia with volatile anesthetics in adult rats. However, it is unknown whether rapid eye movement sleep alterations persist beyond the anesthetic recovery phase in neonatal rats. This study tested the hypothesis that rapid eye movement sleep disturbances would be present in adolescent rats treated with anesthesia on postnatal day 7.
Forty-four neonatal rats were randomly allocated to treatment with anesthesia consisting of midazolam, nitrous oxide, and isoflurane or control conditions for 2 h or 6 h. Electroencephalographic and electromyographic electrodes were implanted and recordings obtained between postnatal days 26 and 34. The primary outcome was time spent in rapid eye movement sleep. Data were analyzed using two-tailed unpaired t tests and two-way repeated measures analysis of variance.
Rats treated with midazolam, nitrous oxide, and isoflurane exhibited a significant increase in rapid eye movement sleep three weeks later when compared with control rats, regardless of whether they were treated for 2 h (174.0 ± 7.2 min in anesthetized, 108.6 ± 5.3 in controls, P < 0.0001) or 6 h (151.6 ± 9.9 min in anesthetized, 108.8 ± 7.1 in controls, P = 0.002).
Treatment with midazolam, nitrous oxide, and isoflurane on postnatal day 7 increases rapid eye movement sleep three weeks later in rats.
先前的研究表明，在成年大鼠接受挥发性麻醉后 24 小时内，快速眼动睡眠（REM）会出现反弹和 REM 睡眠结构中断。然而，在新生大鼠中，快速眼动睡眠改变是否会持续到麻醉恢复阶段之外尚不清楚。本研究检验了以下假设，即在出生后第 7 天接受麻醉的青春期大鼠中，快速眼动睡眠会受到干扰。
44 只新生大鼠被随机分配接受咪达唑仑、氧化亚氮和异氟醚麻醉 2 小时或 6 小时，或接受对照处理。在出生后第 26 天至第 34 天之间植入脑电图和肌电图电极并进行记录。主要结果是 REM 睡眠时间。使用双尾非配对 t 检验和双向重复测量方差分析来分析数据。
与对照组相比，接受咪达唑仑、氧化亚氮和异氟醚处理的大鼠在 3 周后 REM 睡眠时间显著增加，无论它们接受 2 小时（麻醉组 174.0 ± 7.2 分钟，对照组 108.6 ± 5.3 分钟，P < 0.0001）还是 6 小时（麻醉组 151.6 ± 9.9 分钟，对照组 108.8 ± 7.1 分钟，P = 0.002）处理。
在出生后第 7 天接受咪达唑仑、氧化亚氮和异氟醚处理会增加 3 周后大鼠的 REM 睡眠。
